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Openness, Specialisation and Vulnerability of the Nordic Countries

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  • Kaitila, Ville
  • Virkola, Tuomo

Abstract

In this paper we analyse to what extent the Nordic economies are vulnerable to external shocks. Specifically, we assess the conventional wisdom that the Nordic countries are small open economies that are significantly engaged in international trade, specialised in only few specific industries and, as a consequence, extremely dependent on the competiveness of their tradable sector and exposed to external shocks. To study this conventional wisdom, we employ a comprehensive set of indicators about trade openness, specialisation and vulnerability. While we do find that the Nordic countries are open economies, though not to an exceptional degree, we also find significant heterogeneity across these countries with respect to their vulnerability.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaitila, Ville & Virkola, Tuomo, 2014. "Openness, Specialisation and Vulnerability of the Nordic Countries," ETLA Reports 21, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    • Handle: RePEc:rif:report:21
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kaitila, Ville, 2013. "Specialisation and/or Convergence: Structure of European Exports and Production," ETLA Working Papers 12, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    2. Robert Koopman & Zhi Wang & Shang-Jin Wei, 2014. "Tracing Value-Added and Double Counting in Gross Exports," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(2), pages 459-494, February.
    3. Guillaume Daudin & Christine Rifflart & Danielle Schweisguth, 2011. "Who produces for whom in the world economy?," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(4), pages 1403-1437, November.
    4. Dani Rodrik, 1998. "Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 106(5), pages 997-1032, October.
    5. Mr. Francis Vitek, 2013. "Spillovers to and from the Nordic Economies: A Macroeconometric Model Based Analysis," IMF Working Papers 2013/225, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Petri Rouvinen & Timo Seppälä & Pekka Ylä-Anttila, 2011. "Who Captures Value in Global Supply Chains? Case Nokia N95 Smartphone," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 11(3), pages 263-278, September.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International trade; Small open economy; Nordic countries; Specialisation; Vulnerability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F6 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization
    • L00 - Industrial Organization - - General - - - General

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