Pobreza multidimensional en Uruguay: una propuesta mediante la técnica de análisis factorial múltiple (Multidimensional poverty in Uruguay: a proposal using the multiple factorial analysis technique)

The measurement of multidimensional poverty has been a topic of interest both in the international and national framework. In this paper, Multiple Factor Analysis -AFM- (Escofier and Pages, 1994) is explored as an option for summarize the information related to the different dimensions of poverty. It seeks to arrive at a proposal for an index of multidimensional poverty based on the AFM as an alternative to the one used by the United Nations Organization. The methodology that is applied is considered particularly pertinent to the objective given its ability to summarize information from extensive sets of variables, which are appropriately weighted to obtain as a final result a smaller set of new variables, with the least possible loss of explained variability. In turn, this methodology makes it possible to visualize links between the variables and between the different dimensions of poverty. Use is made of databases from the Household Expenditure and Income Survey 2016-2017, carried out by the National Institute of Statistics in Uruguay.