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Measuring Disparities in Health Status and in Access and Use of Health Care in OECD Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Michael de Looper

    (OECD)

  • Gaétan Lafortune

    (OECD)

Abstract

Most OECD countries have endorsed as major policy objectives the reduction of inequalities in health status and the principle of adequate or equal access to health care based on need. These policy objectives require an evidence-based approach to measure progress. This paper assesses the availability and comparability of selected indicators of inequality in health status and in health care access and use across OECD countries, focussing on disparities among socioeconomic groups. These indicators are illustrated using national or cross-national data sources to stratify populations by income, education or occupation level. In each case, people in lower socioeconomic groups tend to have a higher rate of disease, disability and death, use less preventive and specialist health services than expected on the basis of their need, and for certain goods and services may be required to pay a proportionately higher share of their income to do so. Les politiques de santé dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE ont comme objectifs majeurs la réduction des inégalités en matière de santé et le respect du principe d’un accès adéquat ou égal aux soins basé sur les besoins. Des données robustes et fiables sont nécessaires pour mesurer l’atteinte de ces objectifs politiques. Ce document de travail évalue la disponibilité et la comparabilité de certains indicateurs de l’inégalité de l’état de santé et de l’accès et de l’utilisation des soins dans les pays de l’OCDE, en se concentrant sur les disparités selon les groupes socio-économiques. Ces indicateurs sont illustrés à partir de sources de données nationales ou internationales qui permettent de distinguer les populations par niveau de revenu, d’éducation et d’emploi. Dans tous les cas, les personnes appartenant à des groupes socio-économiques désavantagés ont tendance à avoir des taux de morbidité, d’incapacité et de mortalité plus élevés, à utiliser moins de services préventifs et de soins spécialisés que ce à quoi on pourrait s’attendre sur la base de leurs besoins, et à payer une plus large part de leur revenu pour se procurer certains biens et services de santé.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael de Looper & Gaétan Lafortune, 2009. "Measuring Disparities in Health Status and in Access and Use of Health Care in OECD Countries," OECD Health Working Papers 43, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:elsaad:43-en
    DOI: 10.1787/225748084267
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    Cited by:

    1. Marta Santagata & Enrico Ivaldi, 2016. "Do Gender Inequalities Matter in Different Levels of Education?," Journal of Social Economics, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 3(4), pages 156-169.
    2. Wigley, Simon, 2017. "The resource curse and child mortality, 1961–2011," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 142-148.
    3. Ali Fakih, 2014. "Vacation Leave, Work Hours, and Wages: New Evidence from Linked Employer–Employee Data," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 28(4), pages 376-398, December.
    4. Simon Wigley & Arzu Akkoyunlu-Wigley, 2011. "Do electoral institutions have an impact on population health?," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 148(3), pages 595-610, September.
    5. Ali Fakih & Walid Marrouch, 2014. "Who hires foreign domestic workers? evidence from Lebanon," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 48(3), pages 339-352, July-Sept.
    6. Ana Poças & Elias Soukiazis, 2013. "Are health factors important for regional growth and convergence? An empirical analysis for the Portuguese districts," International Journal of Public Policy, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 9(1/2), pages 44-64.
    7. Beáta Gavurová & Tatiana Vagašová, 2016. "Regional differences of standardised mortality rates for ischemic heart diseases in the Slovak Republic for the period 1996–2013 in the context of income inequality," Health Economics Review, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-12, December.
    8. Natasa Popovic & Zorica Terzic-Supic & Snezana Simic & Biljana Mladenovic, 2017. "Predictors of unmet health care needs in Serbia; Analysis based on EU-SILC data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, November.
    9. Aletta Dijkstra & Fanny Janssen & Marinus De Bakker & Jens Bos & René Lub & Leo J G Van Wissen & Eelko Hak, 2013. "Using Spatial Analysis to Predict Health Care Use at the Local Level: A Case Study of Type 2 Diabetes Medication Use and Its Association with Demographic Change and Socioeconomic Status," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(8), pages 1-9, August.
    10. Maria Dimoula & Thomas Fotiadis & Dimitris Folinas & Antonios Gasteratos, 2018. "Confronting Pharmaceutical Products Selection Criteria: A comparative survey of consumers in Greece, France and Bulgaria," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Kavala Campus, Greece, vol. 11(2), pages 23-35, September.
    11. De Rosa, Dalila & Semplici, Lorenzo, 2016. "Prospettive di domanda ed offerta di benessere multidimensionale," AICCON Working Papers 147-2016, Associazione Italiana per la Cultura della Cooperazione e del Non Profit.
    12. Barlow, Pepita, 2018. "Does trade liberalization reduce child mortality in low- and middle-income countries? A synthetic control analysis of 36 policy experiments, 1963-2005," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 102664, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Sharon Goldman & Irina Radomislensky & Arnona Ziv & Kobi Peleg, 2018. "The impact of neighborhood socioeconomic disparities on injury," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(7), pages 855-863, September.
    14. Eleftherios Giovanis & Oznur Ozdamar & Sahizer Samuk, 2021. "Health status and willingness-to-pay estimates for the benefits of improved recycling rates: evidence from Great Britain," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 1-28, January.
    15. Jatrana, Santosh & Crampton, Peter, 2021. "Do financial barriers to access to primary health care increase the risk of poor health? Longitudinal evidence from New Zealand," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    16. Wigley, Simon & Akkoyunlu-Wigley, Arzu, 2017. "The impact of democracy and media freedom on under-5 mortality, 1961–2011," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 237-246.
    17. Francesca Giambona & Mariano Porcu & Isabella Sulis, 2023. "Does education protect families' well-being in times of crisis? Measurement issues and empirical findings from IT-SILC data," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 32(1), pages 299-328, March.
    18. Tarek Drissi Bouzaidi & Aziz Ragbi, 2024. "An analysis of the trend towards universal health coverage and access to healthcare in Morocco," Health Economics Review, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    19. Barlow, Pepita, 2018. "Does trade liberalization reduce child mortality in low- and middle-income countries? A synthetic control analysis of 36 policy experiments, 1963-2005," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 107-115.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • J10 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - General

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