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What We Learn from China's Rising Shadow Banking: Exploring the Nexus of Monetary Tightening and Banks' Role in Entrusted Lending

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  • Kaiji Chen
  • Jue Ren
  • Tao Zha

Abstract

We argue that China's rising shadow banking was inextricably linked to potential balance-sheet risks in the banking system. We substantiate this argument with three didactic findings: (1) commercial banks in general were prone to engage in channeling risky entrusted loans; (2) shadow banking through entrusted lending masked small banks' exposure to balance-sheet risks; and (3) two well-intended regulations and institutional asymmetry between large and small banks combined to give small banks an incentive to exploit regulatory arbitrage by bringing off-balance-sheet risks into the balance sheet. We reveal these findings by constructing a comprehensive transaction-based loan dataset, providing robust empirical evidence, and developing a theoretical framework to explain the linkages between monetary policy, shadow banking, and traditional banking (the banking system) in China.

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  • Kaiji Chen & Jue Ren & Tao Zha, 2016. "What We Learn from China's Rising Shadow Banking: Exploring the Nexus of Monetary Tightening and Banks' Role in Entrusted Lending," NBER Working Papers 21890, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21890
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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Ting-Hsuan & Shen, Chung-Hua & Wu, Meng-Wen & Huang, Kuo-Jui, 2021. "Effect of shadow banking on the relation between capital and liquidity creation," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 166-184.
    2. Karlo Kauko, 2021. "The Vanishing Interest Income of Chinese Banks," Asian Economic Papers, MIT Press, vol. 20(3), pages 94-113, Fall.
    3. Chen, Zhuo & He, Zhiguo & Liu, Chun, 2018. "The Financing of Local Government in the People’s Republic of China: Stimulus Loan Wanes and Shadow Banking Waxes," ADBI Working Papers 800, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    4. Yi Huang & Ugo Panizza & Richard Portes, 2018. "Corporate Foreign Bond Issuance and Interfirm Loans in China," NBER Working Papers 24513, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Karlo Kauko, 2021. "The Vanishing Interest Income of Chinese Banks," Asian Economic Papers, MIT Press, vol. 20(3), pages 94-113, Fall.
    6. Chen, Zhuo & He, Zhiguo & Liu, Chun, 2020. "The financing of local government in China: Stimulus loan wanes and shadow banking waxes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(1), pages 42-71.
    7. Huang, Yu-Li & Shen, Chung-Hua, 2019. "Effect of interbank activities on bank risk: Why is China different?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 308-327.
    8. repec:zbw:bofitp:2018_001 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Song, Zheng (Michael) & Xiong, Wei, 2018. "Risks in China’s financial system," BOFIT Discussion Papers 1/2018, Bank of Finland, Institute for Economies in Transition.
    10. Allen, Franklin & Qian, Yiming & Tu, Guoqian & Yu, Frank, 2018. "Entrusted Loans: A Close Look at China’s Shadow Banking System," CEPR Discussion Papers 12864, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    11. Jingzhu Chen & Yuemei Ji, 2022. "Is Finance Good for Growth? New Evidence from China," CESifo Working Paper Series 9882, CESifo.
    12. Daniela Gabor, 2018. "Goodbye (Chinese) Shadow Banking, Hello Market†based Finance," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 49(2), pages 394-419, March.
    13. Du, Julan & Li, Chang & Wang, Yongqin, 2017. "A comparative study of shadow banking activities of non-financial firms in transition economies," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(S), pages 35-49.
    14. Torsten Ehlers & Steven Kong & Feng Zhu, 2018. "Mapping shadow banking in China: structure and dynamics," BIS Working Papers 701, Bank for International Settlements.
    15. Hongyan Geng & Maoyong Cheng & Junrui Zhang, 2021. "Effects of wealth management products on bank risk in China: The role of audit committee effectiveness," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(5), pages 575-616, December.
    16. Keith E. Maskus & Alessandro Peri & Anna Rubinchik, 2021. "Hiding Filthy Lucre in Plain Sight: Theory and Identification of Business-Based Money Laundering," CESifo Working Paper Series 9019, CESifo.
    17. Wu, Meng-Wen & Shen, Chung Hua, 2019. "Effects of shadow banking on bank risks from the view of capital adequacy," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 176-197.
    18. An, Ping & Yu, Mengxuan, 2018. "Neglected part of shadow banking in China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 211-236.
    19. He, Qing & Lu, Liping & Ongena, Steven, 2015. "Who gains from credit granted between firms? Evidence from inter-corporate loan announcements made in China," BOFIT Discussion Papers 1/2015, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    20. Markus K. Brunnermeier & Michael Sockin & Wei Xiong, 2017. "China's Gradualistic Economic Approach and Financial Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 107(5), pages 608-613, May.
    21. repec:zbw:bofitp:2020_002 is not listed on IDEAS
    22. Song, Zheng (Michael) & Xiong, Wei, 2018. "Risks in China's financial system," BOFIT Discussion Papers 1/2018, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    23. Kerry Liu, 2018. "Why Does the Negotiable Certificate of Deposit Matter for Chinese Banking?," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(1), pages 96-105, February.
    24. Bleck, Alexander & Liu, Xuewen, 2018. "Credit expansion and credit misallocation," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 27-40.
    25. Qian, Xuesong & Ding, Zifang & Cao, Xiaping & Qi, Shusen, 2020. "Cross-ownership and collateral in lending," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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