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Le financement des services de garde des enfants: effets sur le travail, le revenu des familles, et les finances publiques

Author

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  • Nicholas-James Clavet
  • Jean-Yves Duclos

Abstract

Le financement public des services de garde (SDG) est au cœur d’objectifs multiples au Québec et ailleurs au Canada. Cet article rapporte l’impact des trois mesures principales de financement public (le crédit d’impôt provincial, la déduction d’impôt fédérale, et les subventions directes aux Centres de la petite enfance — les CPE) sur le revenu des familles, la participation des femmes au marché du travail, et sur les finances publiques québécoises et canadiennes. Contrairement à la littérature canadienne existante, cet impact est estimé à l’aide d’un modèle structurel d’offre de travail qui incorpore explicitement les préférences travail/loisir des familles. Ce modèle tient aussi compte du système fiscal et de transfert du Québec et du Canada, de l’effet des coûts fixes à travailler, de la variabilité des SDG et de leurs coûts, ainsi que la distribution des caractéristiques socio-démographiques des familles québécoises. Les mesures de financement des SDG accroissent globalement et considérablement le revenu des familles après impôts, transferts et frais de garde; elles ont aussi un impact plus marqué sur le revenu et sur le travail des femmes monoparentales que sur celui des femmes en couple. Leur abolition entraînerait des économies substantielles sur le plan des finances publiques provinciales, mais affecterait toutefois peu celles du gouvernement fédéral.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicholas-James Clavet & Jean-Yves Duclos, 2012. "Le financement des services de garde des enfants: effets sur le travail, le revenu des familles, et les finances publiques," Cahiers de recherche 1216, CIRPEE.
    • Handle: RePEc:lvl:lacicr:1216
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    Cited by:

    1. Haeck, Catherine & Lefebvre, Pierre & Merrigan, Philip, 2015. "Canadian evidence on ten years of universal preschool policies: The good and the bad," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 137-157.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Services de garde; subventions au travail; centres de la petite enfance; offre de travail; politique familiale au Québec;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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