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The role of cointegration for optimal hedging with heteroscedastic error term

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  • Lukasz Gatarek

    (Institute of Econometrics and Statistics, University of Lódz)

  • Soeren Johansen

    (Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen)

Abstract

The role of cointegration is analysed for optimal hedging of an h-period portfolio.Prices are assumed to be generated by a cointegrated vector autoregressive model allowing for stationary martingale errors, satisfying a mixing condition and hence some heteroscedasticity. The risk of a portfolio is measured by the conditional variance of the h-period return given information at time t. If the price of an asset is nonstationary, the risk of keeping the asset for h periods diverges for large h. The h-period minimum variance hedging portfolio is derived, and it is shown that it approaches a cointegrating vector for large h, thereby giving a bounded risk. Taking the expected return into account, the portfolio that maximizes the Sharpe ratio is found, and it is shown that it also approaches a cointegration portfolio. For constant conditional volatility, the conditional variance can be estimated, using regression methods or the reduced rank regression method of cointegration. In case of conditional heteroscedasticity, however, only the expected conditional variance can be estimated without modelling the heteroscedasticity. The fi?ndings are illustrated with a data set of prices of two year forward contracts for electricity, which are hedged by forward contracts for fuel prices. The main conclusion of the paper is that for optimal hedging, one should exploit the cointegrating properties for long horizons, but for short horizons more weight should be put on the remaining dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • Lukasz Gatarek & Soeren Johansen, 2017. "The role of cointegration for optimal hedging with heteroscedastic error term," Discussion Papers 17-03, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:kud:kuiedp:1703
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    hedging; cointegration; minimum variance portfolio; maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions

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