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Cobertura del sistema de seguridad social y el mercado laboral en países en desarrollo

Author

Listed:
  • Paula Auerbach
  • María Eugenia Genoni
  • Carmen Pagés-Serra

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) En este trabajo se analizan los motivos que hay detrás de los bajos niveles de aporte a los programas de seguridad social en países en desarrollo. Empleando un conjunto considerable de encuestas armonizadas de hogares latinoamericanos, comparamos los patrones de aporte de empleados asalariados, cuya participación es obligatoria, con los patrones de aporte de trabajadores independientes, para los cuales la participación es a menudo voluntaria. En todos los países, los niveles de aporte entre trabajadores asalariados guardan una correlación parecida con el nivel de educación, el ingreso, el tamaño de la compañía, las características del hogar y la edad. Además, los patrones de aporte entre trabajadores asalariados guardan una elevada correlación con los patrones de aporte de los trabajadores independientes. Nuestros resultados indican que, en promedio, más de 30% de la variación aclarada de los patrones de aporte en un país puede deberse a la poca disposición de los particulares a participar en programas de pensiones durante sus años de ancianidad. No obstante, también hallamos elementos de prueba que sugieren que algunos trabajadores quedan excluidos del sistema de seguridad social contra su voluntad, por motivos de racionamiento.

Suggested Citation

  • Paula Auerbach & María Eugenia Genoni & Carmen Pagés-Serra, 2005. "Cobertura del sistema de seguridad social y el mercado laboral en países en desarrollo," Research Department Publications 4422, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4422
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    References listed on IDEAS

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