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Nuevas Actividades Exportadoras en Brasil: Ventaja Comparativa, Políticas o Auto-Descubrimiento?

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  • Armando Castelar Pinneiro
  • Regis Bonelli

Abstract

Este documento examina los hallazgos de Brasil en la exportación de aviones, teléfonos celulares y carne de cerdo. Todos los casos confirman la importancia que tienen el aumento de la eficacia y los costos irrecuperables en la expansión de las exportaciones y llevan a las siguientes conclusiones: la política económica y la ventaja comparativa desempeñaron un papel importante en la aparición de las nuevas actividades de exportación; las economías de escala fueron un factor determinante y crucial de la competitividad; y una marca de fábrica muy conocida ayudó a superar asimetrías de información y a facilitar el ingreso del producto en los mercados de exportación. Los exportadores se concentraron en el diseño, comercialización, investigación y desarrollo y ensamblaje de productos, haciendo de la coordinación con los proveedores un factor importante en sus estrategias. Las políticas públicas tuvieron además una fuerte influencia, en ocasiones involuntaria. Mientras que los gobiernos pueden fomentar los descubrimientos, especialmente ante las fallas del mercado, las políticas no pueden por sí solas generar el éxito de un exportador.

Suggested Citation

  • Armando Castelar Pinneiro & Regis Bonelli, 2008. "Nuevas Actividades Exportadoras en Brasil: Ventaja Comparativa, Políticas o Auto-Descubrimiento?," Research Department Publications 3257, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:3257
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