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Autonomía de las instituciones gubernamentales de Chile

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  • Sánchez, José Miguel
  • Sanhueza, Ricardo
  • Letelier, Leonardo S.

Abstract

Las reformas llevadas a cabo en Chile a partir de mediados de los setenta tendientes a reducir el tamaño del Estado y a hacer más eficiente y efectivo su funcionamiento han sido, en general, evaluadas positivamente. Ellas contemplaron, entre otras medidas, reducciones de personal del sector público, ajustes de planilla, consolidación y re definición de los roles de las diversas instituciones públicas de modo de abordar los problemas de incentivos que las afectan. Ello respondió a que en Chile, en gran medida los problemas atribuidos al funcionamiento del Estado tenían que ver con su gran tamaño. Aspectos tales como excesiva centralización regional y de toma de decisiones, falta de instancias de control, corrupción, tramitación excesiva, incertidumbre sobre el marco regulatorio o de su grado de aplicabilidad, falta de claridad en las competencias de las agencias o superimposición de las mismas y falta de capacidad técnica son parte de una institucionalidad que arroja dudas sobre el funcionamiento adecuado del Sector Público y ellas fueron consideradas al momento de evaluar y realizar las reformas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar y comprender en qué medida Chile ha conciliado la flexibilidad y la credibilidad en sus instituciones y cómo el diseño y contexto en el que se desenvuelven las mismas contribuyó al propósito deseado. El que dentro de Chile ciertas instituciones tengan distintos grados de autonomía permite analizar variables de contexto específicas incluso en un contexto nacional. Específicamente, analizamos los determinantes de la autonomía real de tres instituciones chilenas para comprender en qué medida tal autonomía afecta la ejecución de la política gubernamental. Estas instituciones son la Fiscalía Nacional Económica (antimonopolios), la Superintendencia de Servicios Sanitarios, y el Banco Central.

Suggested Citation

  • Sánchez, José Miguel & Sanhueza, Ricardo & Letelier, Leonardo S., 1998. "Autonomía de las instituciones gubernamentales de Chile," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 6120, Inter-American Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:brikps:6120
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    References listed on IDEAS

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