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Spatial Inequality in Mortality in France over the Past Two Centuries

Author

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  • Florian Bonnet

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UP1 UFR02 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - École d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)

  • Hippolyte d'Albis

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

This article analyzes the evolution of spatial inequalities in mortality across 90 French territorial units since 1806. Using a new database, we identify a period from 1881 to 1980 when inequalities rapidly shrank while life expectancy rose. This century of convergence across territories was mainly due to the fall in infant mortality. Since 1980, spatial inequalities have levelled out or occasionally widened, due mainly to differences in life expectancy among the elderly. The geography of mortality also changed radically during the century of convergence. Whereas in the 19th century high mortality occurred mainly in larger cities and along a line from North-west to South-east France, it is now concentrated in the North, and Paris and Lyon currently enjoy an urban advantage.

Suggested Citation

  • Florian Bonnet & Hippolyte d'Albis, 2018. "Spatial Inequality in Mortality in France over the Past Two Centuries," Working Papers halshs-01945918, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01945918
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01945918
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Florian Bonnet & Hippolyte d'Albis & Josselin Thuilliez, 2022. "Influenza Mortality in French Regions after the Hong Kong Flu Pandemic," PSE Working Papers halshs-03763371, HAL.
    2. Aleksey Shchur & Vladimir M. Shkolnikov & Sergey Timonin & Evgeny Andreev & David A. Leon, 2021. "Where Do People Live Longer in Russia in the 21st Century? Life Expectancy across Urban and Rural areas," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 47(4), pages 1049-1074, December.
    3. Florian Bonnet, 2019. "Spatial Distribution of Population by Age in France over the Past 150 years," Working Papers hal-02067193, HAL.
    4. Florian Bonnet & Hippolyte d'Albis & Aurélie Sotura, 2020. "Les inégalités de revenu entre les départements français depuis cent ans," PSE Working Papers halshs-02536856, HAL.
    5. Gregori Galofre-Vila & Maria Gomez-Leon, 2021. "Provincial health inequalities in Spain since 1860," Documentos de Trabajo - Lan Gaiak Departamento de Economía - Universidad Pública de Navarra 2103, Departamento de Economía - Universidad Pública de Navarra.
    6. Florian Bonnet & Josselin Thuilliez & Hippolyte d'Albis, 2022. "Influenza mortality in French regions after the Hong Kong flu pandemic," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 47(19), pages 545-576.
    7. Étienne Plésiat & Robert J. H. Dunn & Markus G. Donat & Christopher Kadow, 2024. "Artificial intelligence reveals past climate extremes by reconstructing historical records," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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