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Les réformes ferroviaires européennes : à la recherche des "bonnes pratiques"

Author

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  • Yves Crozet

    (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Au début de l'année 2004, le transport ferroviaire français est à nouveau au creux de la vague. Après les bons résultats engrangés à la fin des années 90 (accroissement des trafics fret et voyageurs, équilibres des comptes de la SNCF), le début des années 2000 a vu resurgir les inquiétudes (contraction du trafic, déficit persistant de la SNCF, endettement croissant du système ferroviaire et notamment de RFF). L'examen des réformes engagées par nos principaux partenaires depuis le début des années 90 prouve que tous s'efforcent de relancer le transport ferroviaire en y instillant une dose croissante de concurrence. Ces réformes ne visent nullement à « casser » le système ferroviaire pour en offrir les seuls segments rentables aux firmes privées ; l'expérience de pays comme le Suède prouve qu'il est possible de trouver des formules originales d'organisation du secteur, permettant la coexistence de l'opérateur historique et d'opérateurs privés. La note de l'Institut de l'entreprise vise donc à éclairer, à la lumière des expériences étrangères, quelques-unes des voies possibles de la réforme du système ferroviaire français.

Suggested Citation

  • Yves Crozet, 2004. "Les réformes ferroviaires européennes : à la recherche des "bonnes pratiques"," Working Papers halshs-01697184, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01697184
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01697184
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yves Crozet & Eric Héroin, 1999. "Le transport régional de voyageurs : régionalisation et nouvelles incitations à la performance ferroviaire," Post-Print halshs-01358373, HAL.
    2. I. Ehrlich & Georges Gallais-Hamonno & R. Lutter, 1990. "Performances comparées des entreprises publiques et privées : l'exemple des grandes compagnies aériennes," Post-Print halshs-00276784, HAL.
    3. Yves Crozet, 2003. "Industries de réseau et politiques publiques : pour une approche stratégique," Post-Print halshs-00069332, HAL.
    4. Andrei Shleifer, 1985. "A Theory of Yardstick Competition," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 16(3), pages 319-327, Autumn.
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