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A Stochastic Pde Model For Limit Order Book Dynamics

Author

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  • Rama Cont

    (Department of Mathematics [Imperial College London] - Imperial College London, LPSM (UMR_8001) - Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistique et Modélisation - UPD7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Marvin Muller

    (ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich])

Abstract

We propose an analytically tractable class of models for the dynamics of a limit order book, described as the solution of a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) with multiplicative noise. We provide conditions under which the model admits a finite dimensional realization driven by a (low-dimensional) Markov process, leading to efficient methods for estimation and computation. We study two examples of parsimonious models in this class: a two-factor model and a model in which the order book depth is mean-reverting. For each model we perform a detailed analysis of the role of different parameters, study the dynamics of the price, order book depth, volume and order imbalance, provide an intuitive financial interpretation of the variables involved and show how the model reproduces statistical properties of price changes, market depth and order flow in limit order markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Rama Cont & Marvin Muller, 2019. "A Stochastic Pde Model For Limit Order Book Dynamics," Working Papers hal-02090449, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02090449
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-02090449v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Julie Lyng Forman & Michael Sørensen, 2008. "The Pearson Diffusions: A Class of Statistically Tractable Diffusion Processes," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 35(3), pages 438-465, September.
    2. Ulrich Horst & Dorte Kreher, 2017. "Second order approximations for limit order books," Papers 1708.07394, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2018.
    3. Eric Smith & J Doyne Farmer & Laszlo Gillemot & Supriya Krishnamurthy, 2003. "Statistical theory of the continuous double auction," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(6), pages 481-514.
    4. Ben Hambly & Jasdeep Kalsi & James Newbury, 2018. "Limit order books, diffusion approximations and reflected SPDEs: from microscopic to macroscopic models," Papers 1808.07107, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2019.
    5. Rama Cont & Adrien De Larrard, 2012. "Order book dynamics in liquid markets: limit theorems and diffusion approximations," Papers 1202.6412, arXiv.org.
    6. Andrei Kirilenko & Albert S. Kyle & Mehrdad Samadi & Tugkan Tuzun, 2017. "The Flash Crash: High-Frequency Trading in an Electronic Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 72(3), pages 967-998, June.
    7. Rama Cont & Adrien de Larrard, 2013. "Price Dynamics in a Markovian Limit Order Market," Post-Print hal-00552252, HAL.
    8. Frank Kelly & Elena Yudovina, 2018. "A Markov Model of a Limit Order Book: Thresholds, Recurrence, and Trading Strategies," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 43(1), pages 181-203, February.
    9. Ulrich Horst & Dörte Kreher, 2018. "Second order approximations for limit order books," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 827-877, October.
    10. Chávez-Casillas, Jonathan A. & Figueroa-López, José E., 2017. "A one-level limit order book model with memory and variable spread," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 127(8), pages 2447-2481.
    11. Rene Carmona & Kevin Webster, 2013. "The Self-Financing Equation in High Frequency Markets," Papers 1312.2302, arXiv.org.
    12. Rama Cont & Arseniy Kukanov & Sasha Stoikov, 2014. "The Price Impact of Order Book Events," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 12(1), pages 47-88.
    13. Rama Cont & Sasha Stoikov & Rishi Talreja, 2010. "A Stochastic Model for Order Book Dynamics," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(3), pages 549-563, June.
    14. Hugh Luckock, 2003. "A steady-state model of the continuous double auction," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(5), pages 385-404.
    15. Ioannis Karatzas & Constantinos Kardaras, 2007. "The numéraire portfolio in semimartingale financial models," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 11(4), pages 447-493, October.
    16. Álvaro Cartea & Ryan Donnelly & Sebastian Jaimungal, 2018. "Enhancing trading strategies with order book signals," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(1), pages 1-35, January.
    17. Rama Cont, 2005. "Modeling Term Structure Dynamics: An Infinite Dimensional Approach," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 8(03), pages 357-380.
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