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L’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce, Enjeu de pouvoir pour le commerce et le développement économique mondial

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  • Jacques Fontanel

    (CESICE - Centre d'études sur la sécurité internationale et les coopérations européennes - UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 - IEPG - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble)

Abstract

L'OMC créée en 1995 réunit la plupart des économies nationales du monde entier. Par le principe de la clause de la nation la plus favorisée, elle avait pour objectif d'élargir le potentiel de développement économique de tous les pays, grâce au développement du commerce international. Elle a pour objectif de gérer le commerce international par l'intermédiaire de l'ORD (Organe de Règlement des Différends), mais elle est devenue une institution « politique » dominée par les intérêts des pays développés et émergents. Elle favorise l'essor des inégalités, lesquelles constituent un facteur de blocage de l'économie mondiale. La théorie du « ruissellement » qu'elle propose ne conduit pas à l'éradication de la pauvreté. Une réforme de l'OMC s'impose en vue d'établir des accords commerciaux équilibrés, soucieux de l'intérêt collectif et de la réalisation des objectifs du Millénaire, de la lutte contre le changement climatique ou de la préservation de la biodiversité.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Fontanel, 2015. "L’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce, Enjeu de pouvoir pour le commerce et le développement économique mondial," Working Papers hal-02077853, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02077853
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/hal-02077853
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    References listed on IDEAS

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