Tourism Development in Creative Clusters: from Artistic Creation to Tourist Consumption? The Case of the M50 District in Shanghai (China)[Développement du tourisme dans les clusters créatifs : de la création artistique à la consommation touristique ? Le cas du quartier M50 à Shanghai (Chine)]

The aim of this article is to examine how artists and other players of the creative economy clustered in some urban quarters and thereby promote the emergence of a tourist dynamic. Two main results emerge from investigations conducted in Shanghai in the M50 art district labeled as a "creative cluster". First, under the combined action of the underground, middleground and upperground, the M50 became a center of art in the city, playing a key role in the emergence of Chinese contemporary art. Secondly, as a result of this status, M50 is impacted by a strong tourist attractiveness and activity, and become an artistic and tourist enclave. These results allow to open the discussion on the sustainability of the artistic dynamics in this type of quarters given the tourism and commercial gentrification that challenges the presence of the very foundation of these dynamics, namely artists. In the end, the development of tourism in these quarters raises the question of their potential transformation from spaces of artistic creation to spaces of tourism consumption.