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A New Approach of Innovation: from the Knowledge Economy to the Theory of Creativity Applied to Territorial Development

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  • Jean-Alain Héraud

    (Université de Strasbourg and CNRS
    Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion)

Abstract

The general idea of this paper is the fact that the theory of innovation cannot be completed as long as the idea of creativity is not introduced in the analysis of the cognitive processes involved. Too often, in innovation studies, novelty is considered as pure knowledge creation. The new approach of creativity in management science, economic geography, or sociology of innovation has revealed the importance of other ingredients than knowledge: entrepreneurship, serendipity, imagination, etc. In particular, creative cities are not just knowledge-based territories. For addressing the issue of creative territories, we need first to define creativity in general and in different domains: in science (discovery), technology (invention), or economy (innovation), as well as in artistic, cultural, or societal fields. We will underline the necessity to be creative in policy design as well. It is not enough to build knowledge infrastructures and to promote human capital or attract “creative people.” Are there recipes for the creative governance of geographical entities? What can we learn from the application of standard policies? And from the new policy paradigms like the Smart specialization strategy of the EU? At microeconomic level, entrepreneurs and creative organizations must deal with the exploration/exploitation issues and find an acceptable tradeoff. Territories must also find relevant governance structures and procedures for the “creative” design of development strategies. In this perspective, they can rely on certain actors of the innovation process, like knowledge-based business services, and some talented individuals, for implementing the necessary distributed intelligence.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Alain Héraud, 2021. "A New Approach of Innovation: from the Knowledge Economy to the Theory of Creativity Applied to Territorial Development," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(1), pages 201-217, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:jknowl:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s13132-016-0393-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s13132-016-0393-5
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    2. Francisco Antunes & Leandro F. Pereira & Álvaro L. Dias & Rui Vinhas Silva, 2023. "Flexible labour policies as competitive advantage," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 24(4), pages 563-590, December.
    3. Jinliao He & Jue Peng & Gang Zeng, 2023. "The Spatiality of the Creative Digital Economy: Local Amenities to the Spatial Agglomeration of Creative E-Freelancers in China," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(4), pages 4608-4629, December.

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