Une croissance économique sans progrès humain

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many liberal economists considered that war had become obsolete in democratic and liberal countries, at least on their territory. The history of the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century has reminded us of the continuous existence of power relations that are probably less expressed in armed conflicts, but which develop in the economic, social and political spheres. Economic competitiveness often leads to forms of economic warfare, with its strategies conducted by States as well as by multinational firms that have become very powerful. Economic globalization is in crisis, on the one hand because economic interdependence between states is leading to a return of mercantilist thinking in governmental actions, and on the other hand because social inequalities in the world have increased, particularly with regard to the situation of the super-rich, but also inequalities based on race, gender or territory. The pacifism of the market economy is put to the test and the balance of power between economic and political actors is always present, especially because with the rise of cyber weapons, international insecurity is potentially increasing, in a world where interdependence has once again become a factor of weakness for the world's citizens. A reflection based on the philosophy of "enlightened catastrophism" could reduce some areas of environmental insecurity.