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Le commerce extérieur en valeur ajoutée

Author

Listed:
  • Guillaume Daudin
  • Paola Veroni

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

  • Christine Rifflart

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

  • Danielle Schweisguth

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

L'internationalisation croissante de la production et la montée des pays émergents dans le commerce international obligent à adapter les outils d'analyse pour mieux appréhender l'impact des transformations en cours sur le commerce extérieur, les performances sectorielles des pays et, in fine, l'emploi. Depuis près de deux décennies, la croissance du commerce international s'appuie sur le développement des échanges croisés de biens intermédiaires organisés au sein d'une nouvelle division internationale du travail. Le contenu des exportations en consommations intermédiaires importées, ici appelé commerce vertical, tend donc à augmenter. Dès lors, la mesure traditionnelle des flux de marchandises s'appuyant sur la valeur des produits ne permet pas de connaître la contribution réelle de chaque pays et chaque branche au commerce extérieur. Aussi, cette étude propose une mesure du commerce international basée sur les flux de valeur ajoutée. En utilisant une base de données qui fournit les matrices input-output de plus de 80 pays, on reconstruit une maquette mondiale des échanges internationaux en valeur ajoutée, en prenant en compte les effets directs et indirects induits par la variation de la production d'une unité de bien final. Le cas de la France est étudié plus spécifiquement. En 2001, 28 % du commerce international et 29 % du commerce français n'étaient « que » du commerce vertical. La « géographie » du commerce n'est pas énormément modifiée par notre méthode, mais ce n'est pas le cas de la répartition par produits. Les échanges de biens industrialisés incorporent beaucoup de services aux entreprises et de services commerciaux, de communication et de transport. Les travailleurs de ces branches contribuent donc beaucoup plus aux exportations françaises que ne le suggèrent les statistiques de commerce.

Suggested Citation

  • Guillaume Daudin & Paola Veroni & Christine Rifflart & Danielle Schweisguth, 2006. "Le commerce extérieur en valeur ajoutée," Post-Print hal-03459197, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03459197
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.098.0129
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-03459197
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Guillaume Daudin & Christine Rifflart & Danielle Schweisguth, 2011. "Who produces for whom in the world economy?," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 44(4), pages 1403-1437, November.
    2. Escaith, Hubert & Gonguet, Fabien, 2009. "International Trade and Real Transmission Channels of Financial Shocks in Globalized Production Networks," MPRA Paper 15558, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Escaith, Hubert & Gaudin, Hadrien, 2014. "Clustering Value-Added Trade: Structural and Policy Dimensions," MPRA Paper 57276, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/9541 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Escaith, Hubert, 2009. "Trade Collapse, Trade Relapse and Global Production Networks: Supply Chains in the Great Recession," MPRA Paper 18274, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqildh09h4dj9499g is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Escaith, Hubert, 2008. "Measuring trade in value added in the new industrial economy: statistical implications," MPRA Paper 14454, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Hubert Escaith, 2014. "Mapping global value chains and measuring trade in tasks," Chapters, in: Benno Ferrarini & David Hummels (ed.), Asia and Global Production Networks, chapter 9, pages 287-337, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    9. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqildh09h4dj9499g is not listed on IDEAS
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    13. R. Cezar & A. Duguet & G. Gaulier & V. Vicard, 2017. "Competition for Global Value Added: Export and Domestic Market Shares," Working papers 628, Banque de France.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Commerce extérieur; Échanges mondiaux;

    JEL classification:

    • F19 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Other

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