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The partially liberalized cocoa sector in Ghana: Producer price determination, quality control, and service provision

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  • Kolavalli, Shashidhara
  • Vigneri, Marcella
  • Maamah, Haruna
  • Poku, John

Abstract

The cocoa sector in Ghana is one of few examples of an export commodity sector in an African country that has withstood the pressure to fully liberalize. Despite substantial government control over internal and external marketing via the Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD), the current institutional arrangement is able to pass on a significant share of export prices to farmers, a key objective of the liberalization of commodity markets in Africa. As Ghana continues to capitalize on its recent discovery of off-shore oil reserves, the government and donors alike are concerned that the competitiveness of the cocoa sector may be threatened. The overall objective of this study is to examine the competitiveness of the cocoa sector by focusing on four aspects of the current set of institutions, including (1) the process of determining producer prices; (2) the outcomes of the introduction of private licensed buying companies; (3) COCOBOD’s role in maintain quality, and the costs and benefits of this process; and (4) trends in COCOBOD expenditure on the provision of various goods and services. The methodology adopted for this study is primarily that of an expenditure review.

Suggested Citation

  • Kolavalli, Shashidhara & Vigneri, Marcella & Maamah, Haruna & Poku, John, 2012. "The partially liberalized cocoa sector in Ghana: Producer price determination, quality control, and service provision," IFPRI discussion papers 1213, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    • Handle: RePEc:fpr:ifprid:1213
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Timothy Besley, 1997. "Monopsony and Time–Consistency: Sustainable Pricing Policies for Perennial Crops," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 1(1), pages 57-70, February.
    2. Bateman, Merrill J. & Meeraus, Alexander & Newbery, David M. & Okyere, William Asenso & O'Mara, Gerald T., 1990. "Ghana's cocoa pricing policy," Policy Research Working Paper Series 429, The World Bank.
    3. Takamasa Akiyama & John Baffes & Donald Larson & Panos Varangis, 2001. "Commodity Market Reforms : Lessons of Two Decades," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 13852.
    4. Brooks, Jonathan & Croppenstedt, Andre & Aggrey-Fynn, Emmanuel, 2007. "Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Ghana," Agricultural Distortions Working Paper Series 48523, World Bank.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maile, Felix, 2020. "Cooperation or confrontation? Public and private governance and smallholders' incomes in the cocoa sector in Ghana and in Côte d'Ivoire," ÖFSE-Forum, Austrian Foundation for Development Research (ÖFSE), volume 74, number 74.
    2. Mahrizal & L. Lanier Nalley & Bruce L. Dixon & Jennie S. Popp, 2014. "An optimal phased replanting approach for cocoa trees with application to Ghana," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 45(3), pages 291-302, May.
    3. Salamatu Jebuni-Dotsey, 2023. "Price Incentives and Supply Response in Cocoa -A Case of Border Regions of Ghana," Journal of Sustainable Development, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 16(3), pages 1-1, May.
    4. Boysen, Ole & Ferrari, Emanuele & Nechifor, Victor & Tillie, Pascal, 2023. "Earn a living? What the Côte d’Ivoire–Ghana cocoa living income differential might deliver on its promise," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    5. Amankwah-Amoah, Joseph & Debrah, Yaw & Nuertey, Dorcas, 2018. "Institutional Legitimacy, Cross-Border Trade and Institutional Voids: Insights from the Cocoa Industry in Ghana," MPRA Paper 84393, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Andam, Kwaw & Silver, Jed, 2016. "Food processing in Ghana: Trends, constraints, and opportunities," GSSP policy notes 11, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    7. Aboah, Joshua & Setsoafia, Edinam Dope, 2022. "Examining the synergistic effect of cocoa-plantain intercropping system on gross margin: A system dynamics modelling approach," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    8. Eberhard, Erich K. & Hicks, Jessica & Simon, Adam C. & Arbic, Brian K., 2022. "Livelihood considerations in land-use decision-making: Cocoa and mining in Ghana," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 26(C).

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    Keywords

    Liberalization; Quality; Tree crops; Cocoa; agricultural services;
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