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Recourse as Shadow Equity: Evidence from Commercial Real Estate Loans

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Abstract

We study the role that recourse plays in the commercial real estate loan contracts of the largest U.S. banks. We find that recourse is valued by lenders and is treated as a substitute for conventional equity. At origination, recourse loans have rate spreads that are at least 20 basis points lower and loan-to-value ratios that are around 3 percentage points higher than non-recourse loans. Dynamically, recourse affects loan modification negotiations by providing additional bargaining power to the lender. Recourse loans were half as likely to receive accommodation during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the modifications that did occur entailed a relatively smaller reduction in payments.

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  • David P. Glancy & Robert J. Kurtzman & Lara Loewenstein & Joseph B. Nichols, 2021. "Recourse as Shadow Equity: Evidence from Commercial Real Estate Loans," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-079, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2021-79
    DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2021.079
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    1. Sumit Agarwal & Brent W. Ambrose & Luis A. Lopez & Xue Xiao, 2024. "Did the Paycheck Protection Program Help Small Businesses? Evidence from Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 16(3), pages 95-132, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Commercial real estate; Recourse; LTV;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • R33 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets

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