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Non-standard Employment in Japan from the 1980s: Exploration by age, gender, education, and marital status

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  • Julen ESTEBAN-PRETEL
  • Junichi FUJIMOTO

Abstract

In this paper, we use the Japanese Labour Force Survey and Labour Force Survey Special Survey microdata for 1984–2012 to analyze stable and unstable employment in Japan since the 1980s for different worker groups. In particular, we use two different concepts used in Japan to categorize employees by job security-one based on how the job is called at the workplace and the other based on the length of the contract-to explore the evolution of stable employment for workers disaggregated by age, gender, education, and marital status. We find that while the proportion of stable employment varies substantially by age, gender, education, and marital status, it declined widely across worker groups since the 1980s. In particular, males and females in their 20s who only have high school or less education or who have never married saw the greatest declines in stable employment. Our analysis suggests a complex interaction between the trend toward less job security and the shift away from marriage witnessed in Japan since the 1980s.

Suggested Citation

  • Julen ESTEBAN-PRETEL & Junichi FUJIMOTO, 2025. "Non-standard Employment in Japan from the 1980s: Exploration by age, gender, education, and marital status," Discussion papers 25025, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    • Handle: RePEc:eti:dpaper:25025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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