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Commercial bank failures during the Great Recession: the real (estate) story

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  • Antoniades, Adonis

Abstract

The primary driver of commercial bank failures during the Great Recession was exposure to the real estate sector, not aggregate funding strains. The main \toxic" exposure was credit to non-household real estate borrowers, not traditional home mortgages or agency-issued MBS. Private-label MBS contributed to the failure of large banks only. Failed banks skewed their portfolios towards product categories that performed poorly on aggregate, and within each category invested in assets of lower quality than survivor banks did. They expanded more rapidly into real estate during the pre-crisis period, but rapid growth alone cannot explain differences in asset performance. JEL Classification: G21, G28

Suggested Citation

  • Antoniades, Adonis, 2015. "Commercial bank failures during the Great Recession: the real (estate) story," Working Paper Series 1779, European Central Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20151779
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    Cited by:

    1. Pandey, Ashish, 2016. "The Indian banking system: A ticking time bomb," MPRA Paper 71792, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. John V. Duca & Patric H. Hendershott & David C. Ling, 2017. "How Taxes and Required Returns Drove Commercial Real Estate Valuations over the Past Four Decades," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 70(3), pages 549-584, September.
    3. Duca, John V. & Ling, David C., 2020. "The other (commercial) real estate boom and bust: The effects of risk premia and regulatory capital arbitrage," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    4. Pilar B. Álvarez-Franco & Diego A. Restrepo-Tobón, 2016. "Managerial efficiency and failure of U.S. commercial banks during the 2007-2009 financial crisis: was this time different?," Revista Ecos de Economía, Universidad EAFIT, vol. 20(43), pages 4-22, December.
    5. Gazi I. Kara & Cindy M. Vojtech, 2017. "Bank Failures, Capital Buffers, and Exposure to the Housing Market Bubble," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2017-115, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    6. Jerome Coffinet & Etienne Kintzler, 2019. "Is the Office Market Overvalued? A Simple Framework Applied to France," International Real Estate Review, Global Social Science Institute, vol. 22(2), pages 275-306.
    7. Jaccard, Ivan, 2021. "Leveraged property cycles," Working Paper Series 2539, European Central Bank.
    8. Hamed Ghiaie, 2018. "Macroeconomic Consequences of Bank’s Assets Reallocation After Mortgage Defaults," THEMA Working Papers 2018-12, THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise.
    9. Anggraeni, Anggraeni & Mongid, Abdul & Suhartono,, 2020. "Prediction Models for Bank Failure: ASEAN Countries," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 54(2), pages 41-51.
    10. Chiorazzo, Vincenzo & D'Apice, Vincenzo & DeYoung, Robert & Morelli, Pierluigi, 2018. "Is the traditional banking model a survivor?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 238-256.
    11. John V. Duca & Lilit Popoyan & Susan M. Wachter, 2019. "Real Estate And The Great Crisis: Lessons For Macroprudential Policy," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 37(1), pages 121-137, January.
    12. Chapra, Umer, 2017. "The Looming International Financial Crisis: Can the Introduction of Risk Sharing in the Financial System as Required by Islamic Finance, Play a Positive Role in Reducing its Severity?," Islamic Economic Studies, The Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI), vol. 25, pages 1-13.
    13. Gregory McKee & Albert Kagan, 2018. "Community bank structure an x-efficiency approach," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 51(1), pages 19-41, July.
    14. Jerome Coffinet & Etienne Kintzler, 2019. "Is the Office Market Overvalued? A Simple Framework Applied to France," International Real Estate Review, Asian Real Estate Society, vol. 22(2), pages 275-307.
    15. Gerti Shijaku, 2018. "Does Primary Sovereignty Risk Matter for Bank Stability? Evidence from the Albanian Banking System," South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Association of Economic Universities of South and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea Region, vol. 16(2), pages 115-145.
    16. Coen, Jamie & Francis, William & Rostom, May, 2017. "The determinants of UK credit union failure," Bank of England working papers 658, Bank of England.
    17. Christos A. Makridis & Michael Ohlrogge, 2022. "Foreclosure spillovers and individual well‐being: Evidence from the Great Recession," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(1), pages 122-146, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    bank failures; credit lines; Great Recession; mortgage-backed securities; real estate;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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