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Analysing the Terms of Trade Effect for Pakistan

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  • Nishat Fatima

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics)

Abstract

The study investigates the impact of changes in terms of trade in Pakistan on its income and consumption potentials, by employing two measures of terms of trade, namely, barter terms of trade and income terms of trade. The study examines Pakistans terms of trade behaviour using time series data from 1990- 2008, and works out the losses the country had to bear owing to deterioration in its terms of trade. Paper finds that worsening of terms of trade has a negative impact on economic growth of Pakistan, as it ultimately reduces gross domestic product.

Suggested Citation

  • Nishat Fatima, 2010. "Analysing the Terms of Trade Effect for Pakistan," Trade Working Papers 22828, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:eab:tradew:22828
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    File URL: http://www.eaber.org/node/22828
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Kose, M. Ayhan, 2002. "Explaining business cycles in small open economies: 'How much do world prices matter?'," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(2), pages 299-327, March.
    7. World Bank, 2007. "World Development Indicators 2007," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 8150.
    8. Teame Ghirmay & Subhash Sharma & Richard Grabowski, 1999. "Export instability, income terms of trade instability and growth: causal analyses," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(2), pages 209-229.
    9. A. P. Thirlwall, 1989. "Growth and Development," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, edition 0, number 978-1-349-19837-5, December.
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    11. Marianne Baxter & Michael A. Kouparitsas, 2000. "What Causes Fluctuations in the Terms of Trade?," NBER Working Papers 7462, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Mendoza, Enrique G., 1997. "Terms-of-trade uncertainty and economic growth," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 323-356, December.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kiran Ijaz & Muhammad Zakaria & Bashir A. Fida, 2014. "Terms-of-Trade Volatility and Inflation in Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 19(1), pages 111-132, Jan-June.
    2. Umer Shahzad & Xiaoyin He & Said Muhammad, 2023. "How Terms of Trade Impact Economic Growth: The Case of the United States," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(2), pages 21582440231, May.
    3. Usama Ehsan KHAN & Syed Monis JAWED, 2019. "Dynamics of business cycle and long-term economic growth of Pakistan," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(2(619), S), pages 173-184, Summer.
    4. Mohamad Imdadul Haque & Mohammad Imran Yunus & Abdul Rahman Shaik, 2021. "The Correlates of Terms of Trade in Oil Exporting Countries of Gulf Cooperation Council Region," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(4), pages 543-548.
    5. Murshed, Muntasir, 2018. "An Empirical Assessment of the Nexus between Terms of Trade and Inflation in Bangladesh," Bangladesh Development Studies, Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS), vol. 41(01), pages 89-105, March.
    6. Khalil Jebran & Amjad Iqbal & Kalim-Ullah Bhat & Arshad Ali, 2018. "Effect of Terms of Trade on Economic Growth of China," Emerging Economy Studies, International Management Institute, vol. 4(2), pages 157-168, November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Terms of Trade; Commodity Terms of Trade; Income Terms of Trade; GDP; Pakistan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations

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