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Personality and Smoking: Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis of 9 Cohort Studies

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Listed:
  • Christian Hakulinen
  • Mirka Hintsanen
  • Marcus R. Munafò
  • Marianna Virtanen
  • Mika Kivimäki
  • G. David Batty
  • Markus Jokela

Abstract

Aims: To investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between personality and smoking, and test whether sociodemographic factors modify these associations.Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal individual-participant meta-analysis. Setting: Nine cohort studies from Australia, Germany, UK and US. Participants: A total of 79,757 men and women (mean age = 51 years). Measurements: Personality traits of the Five-Factor Model (extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience) were used as exposures. Outcomes were current smoking status (current smoker, ex-smoker, and never smoker), smoking initiation, smoking relapse, and smoking cessation. Associations between personality and smoking were modeled using logistic and multinomial logistic regression, and study-specific findings were combined using random-effect meta-analysis. Findings: Current smoking was associated with higher extraversion (odds ratio per 1 standard deviation increase in the score: 1.16; 95% confidence interval: 1.08-1.24), higher neuroticism (1.19; 1.13-1.26), and lower conscientiousness (0.88; 0.83-0.94). Among nonsmokers, smoking initiation during the follow-up period was prospectively predicted by higher extraversion (1.22; 1.04-1.43) and lower conscientiousness (0.80; 0.68-0.93), whereas higher neuroticism (1.16; 1.04-1.30) predicted smoking relapse among ex-smokers. Among smokers, smoking cessation was negatively associated with neuroticism (0.91; 0.87-0.96). Sociodemographic variables did not appear to modify the associations between personality and smoking. Conclusions: Adult smokers have higher extraversion, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness personality scores than non-smokers. Initiation into smoking is positively associated with higher extraversion and lower conscientiousness, while relapse to smoking among ex-smokers is association with higher neuroticism.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Hakulinen & Mirka Hintsanen & Marcus R. Munafò & Marianna Virtanen & Mika Kivimäki & G. David Batty & Markus Jokela, 2015. "Personality and Smoking: Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis of 9 Cohort Studies," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 783, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwsop:diw_sp783
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    Cited by:

    1. Krzysztof Buczkowski & Małgorzata A. Basinska & Anna Ratajska & Katarzyna Lewandowska & Dorota Luszkiewicz & Alicja Sieminska, 2017. "Smoking Status and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Stephan, Yannick & Sutin, Angelina R. & Luchetti, Martina & Hognon, Louis & Canada, Brice & Terracciano, Antonio, 2020. "Personality and self-rated health across eight cohort studies," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    3. Xiaocen Jia & Yiqing Huang & Wenli Yu & Wai-Kit Ming & Fei Qi & Yibo Wu, 2022. "A Moderated Mediation Model of the Relationship between Family Dynamics and Sleep Quality in College Students: The Role of Big Five Personality and Only-Child Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Wertz, Jasmin & Israel, Salomon & Arseneault, Louise & Belsky, Daniel W. & Bourassa, Kyle J. & Harrington, HonaLee & Houts, Renate & Poulton, Richie & Richmond-Rakerd, Leah S. & Røysamb, Espen & Moffi, 2021. "Vital personality scores and healthy aging: Life-course associations and familial transmission," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    5. Önsel Ekici, Şule & Kabak, Özgür & Ülengin, Füsun, 2016. "Linking to compete: Logistics and global competitiveness interaction," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 117-128.
    6. Shingo Abe & Atsushi Oshio & Tetsuya Kawamoto & Hiroyuki Ito & Taro Hirashima & Yuki Tsubota & Iori Tani, 2019. "Smokers Are Extraverted in Japan: Smoking Habit and The Big Five Personality Traits," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, July.
    7. Jelena Bagnjuk & Hans-Helmut König & André Hajek, 2019. "Personality Traits and Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-13, July.

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    Keywords

    Cohort studies; five-factor mode; individual-participant meta-analysis; personality; smoking;
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