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L'impact des infrastructures publiques sur la compétitivité et la croissance : une analyse en EGC appliquée au Sénégal

Author

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  • Jean-Christophe Dumont

    (OCDE, DIAL)

  • Sandrine Mesplé-Somps

    (DIAL, IRD, Paris)

Abstract

This paper analyses the impact of public infrastructure on the competitiveness and growth of the Senegalese economy within the framework of a computable general equilibrium model. Latreille and Varoudakis (1996) demonstrated, in partial equilibrium, that the absence of competitiveness within Senegal’s economic sectors is attributable to a weakness in the gains of productivity, which itself is due to the decrease in the rate of public investment. This paper examines the extent to which an increase in public infrastructure will improve the commercial performance, as well as the growth of the Senegalese economy. First, in a static general equilibrium framework, we expose the theoretical mechanisms put into play when there is an increase in total productivity of factors of production, assuming that the variation in the TFP comes from an increase in public spending. This allows interactions between the variations in public spending and the real exchange rate to be captured. The second section presents a computable general equilibrium model applied to Senegal and the results of the simulations. We show how the effects on commercial performance of manufacturing sectors of a policy of expansion of public infrastructure can differ according to its effect on the level of domestic prices and the wage rate. Furthermore, the choice of the method of financing of an extensive budgetary policy is important because it is through this bias that the effects on the level of domestic prices can be controlled. Owing to this, an approach in terms of a computable general equilibrium, based on relevant sectorial estimations is preferable to more classical studies in partial equilibrium. _________________________________ Ce papier analyse l’impact des infrastructures publiques sur la compétitivité et la croissance de l’économie sénégalaise dans le cadre d’un modèle d’équilibre général calculable. En effet, Latreille et Varoudakis (1996) ont montré, en équilibre partiel, que le manque de compétitivité des secteurs économiques sénégalais est imputable à une faiblesse des gains de productivité, elle-même due notamment à la baisse du rythme des investissements publics. Il apparaît intéressant de voir dans quelle mesure un accroissement des infrastructures publiques permet des meilleures performances commerciales de l’économie sénégalaise ainsi que de la croissance. Dans un premier temps, les mécanismes théoriques mis en jeu lors d'un accroissement de la productivité totale des facteurs de production sont exposés dans un cadre d'équilibre général statique, en admettant que la variation de la PTF provient d'un accroissement des dépenses publiques. Cela permet d'appréhender les interactions entre les variations de la dépense publique et celles du taux de change réel. La seconde section présente le modèle d’équilibre général calculable dynamique appliqué au Sénégal et les résultats de simulations. On montre combien les effets d'une politique d'expansion des infrastructures publiques sur les performances commerciales des secteurs manufacturiers peuvent se différencier selon son impact sur le niveau des prix domestiques et le taux de salaire. En outre, le choix du mode de financement d'une politique budgétaire extensive est primordial dans la mesure où c'est par ce biais que les effets sur le niveau des prix domestiques peuvent être maîtrisés. En ce sens une approche en terme d'équilibre général calculable, appuyée sur des estimations sectorielles pertinentes se montre préférable aux études plus classiques en équilibre partiel.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Christophe Dumont & Sandrine Mesplé-Somps, 2000. "L'impact des infrastructures publiques sur la compétitivité et la croissance : une analyse en EGC appliquée au Sénégal," Working Papers DT/2000/08, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shantayanan Devarajan & Jaime de Melo, 2015. "Adjustment with a Fixed Exchange Rate: Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, and Senegal," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Developing Countries in the World Economy, chapter 4, pages 83-123, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    8. Mario I. Blejer & Mohsin S. Khan, 1984. "Government Policy and Private Investment in Developing Countries (Politique des pouvoirs publics et investissement privé dans les pays en développement) (Política estatal e inversión privada en lo," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 31(2), pages 379-403, June.
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    1. ZIDOUEMBA, Patrice & GERARD, Françoise, 2015. "Investissement public et sécurité alimentaire au Burkina Faso : une analyse en Equilibre Général Calculable dynamique," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement (RAEStud), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 96(3), September.
    2. Moussa Sigue, 2020. "The Determinants of Global Competitiveness of Economy: A Dynamic Panel Approach Applied to the WAEMU Countries," Applied Finance and Accounting, Redfame publishing, vol. 6(2), pages 16-27, August.
    3. Doroth饠Boccanfuso & Marcelin Joanis & Patrick Richard & Luc Savard, 2014. "A comparative analysis of funding schemes for public infrastructure spending in Quebec," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(22), pages 2653-2664, August.
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    5. Emini, Christian Arnault & Kanmi Feunou, Dorine, 2008. "Decomposing the Effects of Economic Policies on Poverty Trends in Cameroon: A Double Calibration Micro Simulated General Equilibrium Analysis," MPRA Paper 14820, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Ntita Ntita, Jean & Ntanga Ntita, Jean de Dieu & Kazadi Ntita, François, 2017. "Investissement public et croissance économique en République Démocratique Du Congo [Public investment and economic growth in Democratic Republic of Congo]," MPRA Paper 92905, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2019.
    7. Togbenu, Fo-Kossi Edem, 2017. "Un réexamen de la relation entre dépenses publiques et croissance économique dans les pays en développements à partir d'un modèle de panel dynamique [A reexamination of the relation between public ," MPRA Paper 81376, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Diagne, Youssoupha S & Fall, Alsim, 2007. "Impact des infrastructures publiques sur la productivité des entreprises au Sénégal [Impact of public infrastructures on firms productivity in Senegal]," MPRA Paper 54809, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Togbenu, Fo-Kossi Edem, 2018. "Causalité entre dépenses publiques et croissance économique au Togo [Causality between Public Expenditures and Economic Growth in Togo]," MPRA Paper 87005, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Luc Savard & Dorothee Boccanfuso & Jonathan Goyette & Véronique Gosselin & Clovis Tanekou Mangoua, 2014. "An impact analysis of the impact of climate change and adaptation policies on the forestry sector in Quebec. A dyanamic macro-micro framework," EcoMod2014 6787, EcoMod.
    11. Patrice ZIDOUEMBA & Françoise GÉRARD, 2015. "Investissement public et sécurité alimentaire au Burkina Faso : une analyse en Équilibre Général Calculable dynamique," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 96(3), pages 411-438.
    12. SIGUE, Moussa & SIRPE, Gnanderman, 2019. "Non-linear effects of investment in road infrastructure on the structural competitiveness of the economy: the case of Burkina Faso," MPRA Paper 96142, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. P Zidouemba & Françoise Gérard, 2015. "Investissement public et sécurité alimentaire au Burkina Faso : une analyse en Équilibre Général Calculable dynamique," Post-Print hal-01885103, HAL.
    14. Dorothée Boccanfuso & Véronique Gosselin & Jonathan Goyette & Luc Savard & Clovis Tanekou Mangoua, 2014. "An impact analysis of climate change and adaptation policies on the forestry sector in Quebec. A dynamic macro-micro framework," Cahiers de recherche 14-04, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O55 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Africa
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods

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