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La dynamique des inégalités de revenu en France rural et urbaine (1984-2002)

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  • Luc Behagel

    (Crest)

Abstract

La stabilité globale des inégalités de revenu disponible (après transferts et avant impôt) observée en France entre1984 et 2002 masque des évolutions significatives au sein du territoire. Tout d’abord, hors Ile-de-France, l’écartse résorbe systématiquement entre pôles urbains, d’une part, et espaces périurbain et rural, d’autre part. Ensuite,au sein de ces différents espaces, les inégalités semblent prendre des trajectoires différentes : elles croissentdavantage dans les pôles urbains que dans les communes des espaces périurbain et rural.On décompose ces tendances en trois composantes : changements de composition des populations, changementsdes rendements des caractéristiques observables des ménages et changements résiduels. Cette décompositionrend assez bien compte du rattrapage effectué par les espaces périurbain et rural, qui s’explique statistiquementpar la convergence des trois espaces en termes de composition socioprofessionnelle, et par le fait que les statutsd’emploi évoluent plus favorablement pour les ménages périurbains et ruraux que pour les ménages des pôlesurbains.Il est plus difficile de rendre compte statistiquement des évolutions contrastées des inégalités au sein de chaqueespace : ces évolutions sont plus ténues et la part attribuée aux différentes composantes dépend de l’ordre danslaquelle la décomposition est menée. Un résultat ressort néanmoins avec robustesse : la tendance plusinégalitaire au sein des pôles urbains tient en partie à la composition de plus en plus contrastée de la populationen termes de catégories socioprofessionnelles et d’accès à l’emploi.

Suggested Citation

  • Luc Behagel, 2006. "La dynamique des inégalités de revenu en France rural et urbaine (1984-2002)," Working Papers 2006-35, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    • Handle: RePEc:crs:wpaper:2006-35
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    References listed on IDEAS

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