Finite-sample theory and bias correction of maximum likelihood estimators in the EGARCH model
Author
Abstract
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Suggested Citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jtse-2018-0010
Note: In : Journal of Time Series Econometrics, 2018
Download full text from publisher
To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.
Other versions of this item:
- Demos Antonis & Kyriakopoulou Dimitra, 2019. "Finite-Sample Theory and Bias Correction of Maximum Likelihood Estimators in the EGARCH Model," Journal of Time Series Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, January.
- Antonis Demos & Dimitra Kyriakopoulou, 2018. "Finite Sample Theory and Bias Correction of Maximum Likelihood Estimators in the EGARCH Model," DEOS Working Papers 1802, Athens University of Economics and Business.
- DEMOS Antonis, & KYRIAKOPOULOU Dimitra,, 2018. "Finite sample theory and bias correction of maximum likelihood estimators in the EGARCH model," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2018007, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
References listed on IDEAS
- McAleer, Michael & Chan, Felix & Marinova, Dora, 2007. "An econometric analysis of asymmetric volatility: Theory and application to patents," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 139(2), pages 259-284, August.
- He, Changli & Teräsvirta, Timo & Malmsten, Hans, 2002. "Moment Structure Of A Family Of First-Order Exponential Garch Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 868-885, August.
- Rilstone, Paul & Srivastava, V. K. & Ullah, Aman, 1996. "The second-order bias and mean squared error of nonlinear estimators," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 369-395, December.
- Hafner, Christian M. & Linton, Oliver, 2017.
"An Almost Closed Form Estimator For The Egarch Model,"
Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 33(4), pages 1013-1038, August.
- HAFNER, Christian & LINTON, Oliver, 2013. "An almost closed form estimator for the EGARCH model," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2013022, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
- Hafner, Christian & Linton, Oliver, 2017. "An Almost Closed Form Estimator For The EGARCH Model," LIDAM Reprints ISBA 2017040, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
- Christian M. HAFNER & Oliver LINTON, 2017. "An almost closed form estimator for the EGARCH model," LIDAM Reprints CORE 2881, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
- Hafner, C. & Linton, O., 2016. "An Almost Closed Form Estimator for the EGARCH model," LIDAM Discussion Papers ISBA 2016036, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
- Whitney K. Newey & Richard J. Smith, 2004.
"Higher Order Properties of Gmm and Generalized Empirical Likelihood Estimators,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 72(1), pages 219-255, January.
- Whitney K. Newey & Richard Smith, 2003. "Higher order properties of GMM and generalised empirical likelihood estimators," CeMMAP working papers CWP04/03, Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
- Fiorentini, Gabriele & Calzolari, Giorgio & Panattoni, Lorenzo, 1996.
"Analytic Derivatives and the Computation of GARCH Estimates,"
Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(4), pages 399-417, July-Aug..
- Gabriele Fiorentini & Giorgio Calzolari & Lorenzo Panattoni, 1995. "Analytic Derivatives and the Computation of GARCH Estimates," Working Papers wp1995_9519, CEMFI.
- Fiorentini,G. & Calzolari,G. & Panattoni,L., 1995. "Analytic Derivatives and the Computation of Garch Estimates," Papers 9519, Centro de Estudios Monetarios Y Financieros-.
- Nelson, Daniel B, 1991. "Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(2), pages 347-370, March.
- Michael McAleer, 2014.
"Asymmetry and Leverage in Conditional Volatility Models,"
Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-6, September.
- Michael McAleer, 2014. "Asymmetry and Leverage in Conditional Volatility Models," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 14-125/III, Tinbergen Institute.
- McAleer, M.J., 2014. "Asymmetry and Leverage in Conditional Volatility Models," Econometric Institute Research Papers 77759, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
- Michael McAleer, 2014. "Asymmetry and Leverage in Conditional Volatility Models," Working Papers in Economics 14/24, University of Canterbury, Department of Economics and Finance.
- Bao, Yong & Ullah, Aman, 2007. "The second-order bias and mean squared error of estimators in time-series models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 140(2), pages 650-669, October.
- Peter C. B. Phillips, 2012. "Folklore Theorems, Implicit Maps, and Indirect Inference," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 80(1), pages 425-454, January.
- Rothenberg, Thomas J., 1984. "Approximating the distributions of econometric estimators and test statistics," Handbook of Econometrics, in: Z. Griliches† & M. D. Intriligator (ed.), Handbook of Econometrics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 15, pages 881-935, Elsevier.
- Bollerslev, Tim, 1986.
"Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity,"
Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 307-327, April.
- Tim Bollerslev, 1986. "Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity," EERI Research Paper Series EERI RP 1986/01, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels.
- Fernández-Val, Iván & Vella, Francis, 2011.
"Bias corrections for two-step fixed effects panel data estimators,"
Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 163(2), pages 144-162, August.
- Ivan Fernandez-Val & Francis Vella, 2007. "Bias corrections for two-step fixed effects panel data estimators," CeMMAP working papers CWP04/07, Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
- Fernández-Val, Iván & Vella, Francis, 2007. "Bias Corrections for Two-Step Fixed Effects Panel Data Estimators," IZA Discussion Papers 2690, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Francis Vella & Ivan Fernandez-Val, 2007. "Bias Corrections for Two-Step Fixed Effects Panel Data Estimators," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series WP2007-010, Boston University - Department of Economics.
- Jan R. Magnus, 1986.
"The Exact Moments of a Ratio of Quadratic Forms in Normal Variables,"
Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 4, pages 95-109.
- Magnus, J.R., 1986. "The exact moments of a ratio of quadratic forms in normal variables," Other publications TiSEM c6725407-ac3c-44fd-b6d1-5, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
- Comte, F. & Lieberman, O., 2003. "Asymptotic theory for multivariate GARCH processes," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 84(1), pages 61-84, January.
- Olivier Wintenberger, 2013.
"Continuous Invertibility and Stable QML Estimation of the EGARCH(1,1) Model,"
Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 40(4), pages 846-867, December.
- Wintenberger, Olivier, 2013. "Continuous invertibility and stable QML estimation of the EGARCH(1,1) model," MPRA Paper 46027, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Lee, Sang-Won & Hansen, Bruce E., 1994. "Asymptotic Theory for the Garch(1,1) Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimator," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 10(1), pages 29-52, March.
- Antonis Demos, 2002. "Moments and dynamic structure of a time-varying parameter stochastic volatility in mean model," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 5(2), pages 345-357, June.
- Dimitra Kyriakopoulou & Antonis Demos, 2010. "Edgeworth and Moment Approximations: The Case of MM and QML Estimators for the MA(1) Models," DEOS Working Papers 1003, Athens University of Economics and Business.
- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2015.
"A class of indirect inference estimators: higher‐order asymptotics and approximate bias correction,"
Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 18(2), pages 200-241, June.
- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2014. "A Class of Indirect Inference Estimators: Higher Order Asymptotics and Approximate Bias Correction (Revised)," DEOS Working Papers 1411, Athens University of Economics and Business, revised 23 Sep 2014.
- Jeantheau, Thierry, 1998. "Strong Consistency Of Estimators For Multivariate Arch Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(1), pages 70-86, February.
- Malmsten, Hans, 2004. "Evaluating exponential GARCH models," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 564, Stockholm School of Economics, revised 03 Sep 2004.
- Arvanitis Stelios & Demos Antonis, 2018.
"On the Validity of Edgeworth Expansions and Moment Approximations for Three Indirect Inference Estimators,"
Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-38, January.
- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2014. "On the Validity of Edgeworth Expansions and Moment Approximations for Three Indirect Inference Estimators," DEOS Working Papers 1406, Athens University of Economics and Business.
- Phillips, Peter C B & Park, Joon Y, 1988.
"On the Formulation of Wald Tests of Nonlinear Restrictions,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 56(5), pages 1065-1083, September.
- Peter C.B. Phillips & Joon Y. Park, 1986. "On the Formulation of Wald Tests of Nonlinear Restrictions," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 801, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
- Søren Tolver Jensen & Anders Rahbek, 2004. "Asymptotic Normality of the QMLE Estimator of ARCH in the Nonstationary Case," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 72(2), pages 641-646, March.
- MacKinnon, James G. & Smith Jr., Anthony A., 1998.
"Approximate bias correction in econometrics,"
Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 85(2), pages 205-230, August.
- James G. MacKinnon & Anthony A. Smith, Jr., "undated". "Approximate Bias Correction in Econometrics," GSIA Working Papers 1997-36, Carnegie Mellon University, Tepper School of Business.
- James G. MacKinnon & P. Smith, 1995. "Approximate Bias Correction In Econometrics," Working Paper 919, Economics Department, Queen's University.
- Mackinnon, J.G. & Smith, A.A., 1996. "Approximate Bias Correction in Econometrics," G.R.E.Q.A.M. 96a14, Universite Aix-Marseille III.
- Bera, Anil K & Higgins, Matthew L, 1993. "ARCH Models: Properties, Estimation and Testing," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(4), pages 305-366, December.
- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2004. "Time Dependence and Moments of a Family of Time‐Varying Parameter Garch in Mean Models," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(1), pages 1-25, January.
- Cordeiro, Gauss M. & Klein, Ruben, 1994. "Bias correction in ARMA models," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 169-176, February.
- Lumsdaine, Robin L, 1996. "Consistency and Asymptotic Normality of the Quasi-maximum Likelihood Estimator in IGARCH(1,1) and Covariance Stationary GARCH(1,1) Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 64(3), pages 575-596, May.
- Bao, Yong & Ullah, Aman, 2007. "Finite sample properties of maximum likelihood estimator in spatial models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 137(2), pages 396-413, April.
- Weiss, Andrew A., 1986. "Asymptotic Theory for ARCH Models: Estimation and Testing," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 2(1), pages 107-131, April.
- repec:adr:anecst:y:1986:i:4:p:05 is not listed on IDEAS
- Emma Iglesias & Garry Phillips, 2011. "Small Sample Estimation Bias in GARCH Models with Any Number of Exogenous Variables in the Mean Equation," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(3), pages 303-336.
- Kyriakopoulou, Dimitra & Demos, Antonis, 2010. "Edgeworth and Moment Approximations: The Case of MM and QML Estimators for the MA (1) Models," MPRA Paper 122393, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Ullah, Aman & Srivastava, Virendra K., 1994. "Moments of the ratio of quadratic forms in non-normal variables with econometric examples," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 129-141, June.
- Iglesias, Emma M. & Linton, Oliver B., 2007. "Higher Order Asymptotic Theory When A Parameter Is On A Boundary With An Application To Garch Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 23(6), pages 1136-1161, December.
- Emma M. Iglesias & Garry D. A. Phillips, 2012. "Estimation, Testing, and Finite Sample Properties of Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimators in GARCH-M Models," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(5), pages 532-557, September.
- Corradi, Valentina & Iglesias, Emma M., 2008. "Bootstrap refinements for QML estimators of the GARCH(1,1) parameters," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 144(2), pages 500-510, June.
- Mariano,Roberto & Schuermann,Til & Weeks,Melvyn J. (ed.), 2000. "Simulation-based Inference in Econometrics," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521591126, October.
- Engle, Robert F, 1982. "Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 987-1007, July.
Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
Cited by:
- Stelios Arvanitis & Sofia Anyfantaki, 2020. "On the limit theory of the Gaussian SQMLE in the EGARCH(1,1) model," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(2), pages 341-350, March.
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2015.
"A class of indirect inference estimators: higher‐order asymptotics and approximate bias correction,"
Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 18(2), pages 200-241, June.
- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2014. "A Class of Indirect Inference Estimators: Higher Order Asymptotics and Approximate Bias Correction (Revised)," DEOS Working Papers 1411, Athens University of Economics and Business, revised 23 Sep 2014.
- Antonis Demos & Dimitra Kyriakopoulou, 2011. "Bias Correction of ML and QML Estimators in the EGARCH(1,1) Model," DEOS Working Papers 1108, Athens University of Economics and Business.
- Arvanitis Stelios & Demos Antonis, 2018.
"On the Validity of Edgeworth Expansions and Moment Approximations for Three Indirect Inference Estimators,"
Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-38, January.
- Stelios Arvanitis & Antonis Demos, 2014. "On the Validity of Edgeworth Expansions and Moment Approximations for Three Indirect Inference Estimators," DEOS Working Papers 1406, Athens University of Economics and Business.
- Sucarrat, Genaro & Grønneberg, Steffen & Escribano, Alvaro, 2016.
"Estimation and inference in univariate and multivariate log-GARCH-X models when the conditional density is unknown,"
Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 582-594.
- Sucarrat, Genaro & Grønneberg, Steffen & Escribano, Alvaro, 2013. "Estimation and Inference in Univariate and Multivariate Log-GARCH-X Models When the Conditional Density is Unknown," MPRA Paper 49344, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Sébastien Laurent & Luc Bauwens & Jeroen V. K. Rombouts, 2006.
"Multivariate GARCH models: a survey,"
Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(1), pages 79-109.
- Luc Bauwens & Sébastien Laurent & Jeroen V. K. Rombouts, 2006. "Multivariate GARCH models: a survey," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(1), pages 79-109, January.
- BAUWENS, Luc & LAURENT, Sébastien & ROMBOUTS, Jeroen, 2003. "Multivariate GARCH models: a survey," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2003031, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
- BAUWENS, Luc & LAURENT, Sébastien & ROMBOUTS, Jeroen VK, 2006. "Multivariate GARCH models: a survey," LIDAM Reprints CORE 1847, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
- Dominique Guegan & Bertrand K. Hassani, 2019. "Risk Measurement," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-02119256, HAL.
- Amélie Charles & Olivier Darné, 2019.
"The accuracy of asymmetric GARCH model estimation,"
International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 157, pages 179-202.
- Charles, Amélie & Darné, Olivier, 2019. "The accuracy of asymmetric GARCH model estimation," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 179-202.
- repec:hal:wpaper:hal-01943883 is not listed on IDEAS
- Chia-Lin Chang & Yiying Li & Michael McAleer, 2018.
"Volatility Spillovers between Energy and Agricultural Markets: A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Practice,"
Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, June.
- Chia-Lin Chang & Yiying Li & Michael McAleer, 2015. "Volatility Spillovers Between Energy and Agricultural Markets: A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Practice," Documentos de Trabajo del ICAE 2015-08, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Instituto Complutense de Análisis Económico.
- Chia-Lin Chang & Yiying Li & Michael McAleer, 2015. "Volatility Spillovers between Energy and Agricultural Markets: A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Practice," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 15-077/III, Tinbergen Institute.
- Chang, C-L. & Li, Y. & McAleer, M.J., 2015. "Volatility Spillovers Between Energy and Agricultural Markets: A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Practice," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI2015-18, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
- Michael McAleer, 2009.
"The Ten Commandments For Optimizing Value‐At‐Risk And Daily Capital Charges,"
Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(5), pages 831-849, December.
- McAleer, M.J., 2008. "The ten commandments for optimizing value-at-risk and daily capital charges," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2008-32, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
- Michael McAleer, 2009. "The Ten Commandments for Optimizing Value-at-Risk and Daily Capital Charges," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-652, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
- Michael McAleer, 2009. "The Ten Commandments for Optimizing Value-at-Risk and Daily Capital Charges," Documentos de Trabajo del ICAE 2009-10, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Instituto Complutense de Análisis Económico.
- Michael McAleer, 2009. "The Ten Commandments for Optimizing Value-at-Risk and Daily Capital Charges," CARF F-Series CARF-F-164, Center for Advanced Research in Finance, Faculty of Economics, The University of Tokyo.
- Lütkepohl,Helmut & Krätzig,Markus (ed.), 2004. "Applied Time Series Econometrics," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521547871, October.
- Franses,Philip Hans & Dijk,Dick van, 2000.
"Non-Linear Time Series Models in Empirical Finance,"
Cambridge Books,
Cambridge University Press, number 9780521779654, September.
- Franses,Philip Hans & Dijk,Dick van, 2000. "Non-Linear Time Series Models in Empirical Finance," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521770415, October.
- Bollerslev, Tim & Ghysels, Eric, 1996.
"Periodic Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity,"
Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 14(2), pages 139-151, April.
- Bollerslev, T. & Ghysels, E., 1994. "Periodic Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity," Cahiers de recherche 9408, Universite de Montreal, Departement de sciences economiques.
- Bollerslev, T. & Ghysels, E., 1994. "Periodic Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity," Cahiers de recherche 9408, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en économie quantitative, CIREQ.
- Giraitis, Liudas & Leipus, Remigijus & Robinson, Peter M. & Surgailis, Donatas, 2004. "LARCH, leverage, and long memory," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 294, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Liudas Giraitis & Remigijus Leipus & Peter M Robinson & Donatas Surgailis, 2003. "LARCH, Leverage and Long Memory," STICERD - Econometrics Paper Series 460, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE.
- Liudas Giraitis, 2004. "LARCH, Leverage, and Long Memory," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 2(2), pages 177-210.
- Luger, Richard, 2012. "Finite-sample bootstrap inference in GARCH models with heavy-tailed innovations," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 56(11), pages 3198-3211.
- Kristensen Dennis & Rahbek Anders, 2009. "Asymptotics of the QMLE for Non-Linear ARCH Models," Journal of Time Series Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 1(1), pages 1-38, April.
- Amélie Charles & Olivier Darné, 2019. "The accuracy of asymmetric GARCH model estimation," Post-Print hal-01943883, HAL.
- Chang, Chia-Lin, 2015.
"Modelling a latent daily Tourism Financial Conditions Index,"
International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 113-126.
- Chang, Chia-Lin, 2014. "Modelling a Latent Daily Tourism Financial Conditions Index," MPRA Paper 54887, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Eric Beutner & Julia Schaumburg & Barend Spanjers, 2024. "Bootstrapping GARCH Models Under Dependent Innovations," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 24-008/III, Tinbergen Institute.
More about this item
JEL classification:
- C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
- C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
Statistics
Access and download statisticsCorrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cor:louvrp:2983. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Alain GILLIS (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/coreebe.html .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.