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Sector informal como amortiguador del ciclo económico: el papel de la aversión a la pérdida

Author

Listed:
  • Gomez, Wilman

    (Universidad de Antioquia)

  • Castrillon, Cristian

    (Universidad de Antioquia)

  • Montoya, Jaime

    (Universidad de Antioquia)

Abstract

This work shows loss aversion as the transmission mechanism by which the agents go to the informal market to dampen the loss of wellbeing suffered by families as they go through a recession. Although the aim of this work is not to determine the well-known causes of informality, it assumes it as a structural fact in the long run and treats the increases of labor and entrepreneurial informality as a reaction to a rainy day in the short run that offers income alternatives to those who were expulsed from the formal world, while waiting for an economic recovering which reconnect them to the formal world. The analytical structure of the model built in this work allows not only capturing the interaction between formal and informal market, but also the interaction between productive sectors in both worlds. The parameters of the model are calibrated and estimated from data for the Colombian economy taken from national accounts and GEIH. Calibration results allow to know the size of the informal economy by means of variables as physical capital, consumption, investment, wages, GDP as well as their analogs measurements for the formal world. Impulse response simulations showed two interesting behaviors: i) negative shocks on the formal sector (a recession) generate a boom (by means of investment and labor resource reallocation) in the formal world, but given its small size compared to the formal sector, it cannot completely dampen the fall in the economy as a whole; ii) as the economy is positively shocked in the informal sector, a boom is generated in consumption, labor, investment and income generation in the sector, but generating a detriment in the formal sector, again as a result of factor reallocation. Resumen: Este trabajo presenta la aversión a la pérdida como el mecanismo de transmisión mediante el cual los agentes recuren al mundo informal para amortiguar la perdida de bienestar que sufren las familias durante una recesión. Si bien no busca determinar las causas ya bien conocidas de la informalidad, la asume como un hecho estructural de largo plazo y trata los aumentos de la informalidad laboral y productiva como una reacción de racional de escampadero de corto plazo que brinda alternativas de ingreso para quienes son expulsados del mundo formal, en espera de una recuperación económica que los reconecte nuevamente con el mundo formal. La estructura analítica del modelo construido en este trabajo permite no solo capturar la interacción entre el mercado laboral formal y el informal, sino también la interacción ente los sectores productivos de ambos mundos. Los parámetros del modelo se calibran con datos para la economía colombiana tomados de cuentas nacionales y de GEIH. Los resultados de la calibración permiten conocer el tamaño de la economía informal en variables como capital, consumo, inversión, salarios, PIB, así como sus mediciones análogas en el mundo formal. Los ejercicios de impulso respuesta mostraron dos comportamientos interesantes: i) los choques negativos sobre el mundo formal (una recesión) generan un auge (vía reasignación de recursos de inversión y trabajo) en el mundo informal, pero dado que su tamaño es sustancialmente menor con respecto al formal, no logra amortiguar completamente la caída de la economía en su conjunto; ii) cuando la economía recibe un choque positivo en el sector informal, se genera un auge de consumo, trabajo, inversión y generación de ingreso en este sector, pero a costa del detrimento del sector formal, de nuevo resultado de una reasignación factorial.

Suggested Citation

  • Gomez, Wilman & Castrillon, Cristian & Montoya, Jaime, 2024. "Sector informal como amortiguador del ciclo económico: el papel de la aversión a la pérdida," Borradores Departamento de Economía 100, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, revised 05 Nov 2024.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000196:000100
    Note: Publicado en Borradores Depatamento de Economía # 100. Octubre de 2024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Informality; business cycles; loss aversion; cycle smoothing; factor reallocation; Bayesian estimation; informal PIB. Palabras clave: Informalidad; ciclos económicos; aversión a la pérdida; suavización del ciclo; reasignación factorial; estimación bayesiana; PIB informal;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E26 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Informal Economy; Underground Economy
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles

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