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El mercado mundial del café y su impacto en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Gustavo Cano Sanz
  • Cesar Vallejo Mejía
  • Edgar Caicedo García
  • Juan Sebastian Amador Torres

Abstract

La pérdida de importancia económica de la caficultura en Colombia, tanto en el contexto nacional como en el internacional, se explica, principalmente, por la caída dramática de su productividad; el consiguiente empobrecimiento de los caficultores, así como por el envejecimiento de estos y de los cafetos; la lentitud de los procesos de adopción de nuevas tecnologías y variedades resistentes a las plagas, en especial la roya; y la baja fertilización, entre otros factores. Ejercicios econométricos sugieren que la actividad cafetera, vía consumo, impacta más el crecimiento económico que la industria minera, con la ventaja adicional de que la caficultura emplea grandes porciones de la población y dinamiza la malla productiva de las regiones, siendo un instrumento ideal para sacar a grandes poblaciones rurales de la pobreza. También, se señala que la institucionalidad colombiana ha desaprovechado el actual esquema de libre comercio del grano para recuperar la productividad y las exportaciones. Finalmente, se elaboran recomendaciones, en relación con el cultivo, la comercialización y las instituciones del sector, para fortalecer su capacidad de enfrentar futuros choques de precios y contribuir a atenuar sus efectos sobre la economía.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Gustavo Cano Sanz & Cesar Vallejo Mejía & Edgar Caicedo García & Juan Sebastian Amador Torres, 2012. "El mercado mundial del café y su impacto en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 9612, Banco de la Republica.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000094:009612
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Viviana Alejandra Alfonso & Luis Eduardo Arango & Fernando Arias & José David Pulido, 2011. "Ciclos de negocios en Colombia: 1980-2010," Borradores de Economia 651, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Diana Fernández Moreno & Hernán Piñeros G. & Dairo Estrada, 2011. "Financiamiento del sector agropecuario: situación y perspectivas," Temas de Estabilidad Financiera 059, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    3. Leandro Medina, 2010. "The Dynamic Effects of Commodity Prices on Fiscal Performance in Latin America," IMF Working Papers 2010/192, International Monetary Fund.
    4. Erten, Bilge & Ocampo, José Antonio, 2013. "Super Cycles of Commodity Prices Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 14-30.
    5. Roberto Rigobon, 2010. "Commodity Prices Pass-Through," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 572, Central Bank of Chile.
    6. Perdomo Jorge Andrés & Juan Carlos Mendieta, 2007. "Factores que afectan la eficiencia técnica y asignativa en el sector cafetero colombiano: una aplicación con análisis envolvente de datos," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, September.
    7. Munir Jalil & Esteban Tamayo, 2011. "Pass-through of International Food Prices to Domestic Inflation During and After the Great Recession: Evidence from a Set of Latin American Economies," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, June.
    8. Medina, Leandro, 2010. "A Commodity Curse? The Dynamic Effects of Commodity Prices on Fiscal Performance in Latin America," MPRA Paper 21690, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Antonio José Orozco-Gallo, 2015. "Eficiencia técnica de los hogares con producción agropecuaria en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 227, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Mejía Cubillos, Javier, 2013. "Perfil económico del Eje Cafetero. Un análisis con miras a la competitividad territorial [Economic profile of Eje Cafetero. An analysis towards territorial competitiveness]," MPRA Paper 43873, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Precios internacionales; términos de intercambio; producción; exportación; productividad; instituciones; pobreza; impulso-respuesta.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C67 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Input-Output Models
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • Q11 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices
    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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