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El lado oscuro de la equidad: Violencia y equidad en el desempeno escolar

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  • Juan Fernando Vargas
  • Luis Fernando Gamboa
  • Viviana Garcia

Abstract

Resumen: La literatura empírica sobre el impacto de los conflictos violentos en variables educativas se ha enfocado en el impacto de la violencia sobre la acumulación de capital humano, dejando de lado otras variables relevantes como la equidad educativa. Usando la implementación empírica de Ferreira y Gignoux (2011) del marco conceptual de igualdad de oportunidades de Roemer (1998), este trabajo estima el impacto de la intensidad del conflicto armado sobre la equidad educativa en Colombia medida a través del desempeno escolar en las pruebas Saber 11 para el periodo 1997-2010. Para resolver sesgos potenciales por simultaneidad o por variable omitida se utilizan las capturas de homicidas por parte de la fuerza pública como fuente de variacion exógena de la violencia en una estimacion de variables instrumentales. Los resultados apuntan a que el conflicto aumenta la equidad de oportunidades en los logros educativos. Al aumentar las tasas de deserción escolar, el conflicto genera una selección positiva en términos de habilidad y esfuerzo para la fracción de estudiantes que el sistema retiene. Esto sugiere que hay que tener cautela al interpretar patrones de equidad en educación basada en resultados en lugar de procesos.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Fernando Vargas & Luis Fernando Gamboa & Viviana Garcia, 2014. "El lado oscuro de la equidad: Violencia y equidad en el desempeno escolar," Documentos de Trabajo 11190, Universidad del Rosario.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000092:011190
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Márcia de Carvalho & Luis Fernando Gamboa & Fábio D. Waltenberg, 2012. "Equality of Educational Ppportunity Employing PISA Data: Taking both Achievement and Access into Account," Working Papers 277, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
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    6. Checchi, Daniele & Peragine, Vito, 2005. "Regional Disparities and Inequality of Opportunity: The Case of Italy," IZA Discussion Papers 1874, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Giuseppe Pignataro, 2012. "Equality Of Opportunity: Policy And Measurement Paradigms," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(5), pages 800-834, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Angulo, Juan Carlos, 2024. "Books and bushes: Schooling decisions and coca production in Colombia," 2024 Annual Meeting, July 28-30, New Orleans, LA 344036, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    2. Hernando Grueso, 2024. "Heterogeneous effects of violence on student achievement: Evidence from Colombia," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(2), pages 1536-1569, March.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions

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