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Impact of Observed Travel and Recharging Behavior, Simulated Workplace Charging Infrastructure, and Vehicle Design on PHEV Utility Factors (UF), Total Charge Depleting (CD) Driving and Time of Day (TOD) Grid Demand: Scenarios Based on Consumers’ Use of A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Conversion

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  • Davies-Shawhyde, Jamie

Abstract

The charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) will place new loads on the electrical grid. How much and the time of day (TOD) at which users plug in their vehicles will have implications for electricity providers who must meet the additional electrical load required to charge a fleet of PHEVs. PHEV charging could place new burdens on existing electrical infrastructure (substations and transformers) and generating capacity. Information about consumers’ recharging behavior can help utilities and interested parties better plan for PHEVS in the marketplace. PHEVs can run in charge depleting (CD) and charge sustaining (CS) modes and there is uncertainty as to how much travel will be completed in each mode. Accounting for the amount of travel in each mode is crucial in order to accurately assess the fuel economy (FE) benefits, green house gas (GHG) emissions and costs of PHEVs. In 2001, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) promulgated standard J2841 defining the utility factor (UF) as the percentage of travel that can be completed in CD mode for a PHEV fleet with a given CD range. As such, the SAE standard J2841 has a substantial influence on policies regarding PHEVs and their assumed benefits and costs, and has been used by analysts, industry, and policy makers to calculate PHEV corporate average fuel economy (CAFE), GHG emissions, operating costs and Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) credits. The analysis described in this report challenges J2841by calculating the observed UF for a fleet of PHEVs driven by 25 Plausible Early Market (PEM) PHEV buyers in a demonstration and market research project. The results suggest that promoting “short range” PHEVs and focusing on popular vehicle-types, rather than upon achieving high CD ranges, could lead to greater total benefits from PHEVs in the early market, through more widespread adoption of PHEVs.

Suggested Citation

  • Davies-Shawhyde, Jamie, 2011. "Impact of Observed Travel and Recharging Behavior, Simulated Workplace Charging Infrastructure, and Vehicle Design on PHEV Utility Factors (UF), Total Charge Depleting (CD) Driving and Time of Day (TO," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt0x499211, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    • Handle: RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt0x499211
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Davies, Jamie & Kurani, Kenneth S., 2010. "Households’ Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Recharging Behavior: Observed variation in households’ use of a 5kWh blended PHEV-conversion," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt0130h8zx, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    2. Axsen, Jonn & Burke, Andy & Kurani, Kenneth S, 2010. "Are Batteries Ready for Plug-in Hybrid Buyers?," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt7vh184rw, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    3. Axsen, Jonn & Kurani, Kenneth S, 2008. "The Early U.S. Market for PHEVs: Anticipating Consumer Awareness, Recharge Potential, Design Priorities and Energy Impacts," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt4491w7kf, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    4. Axsen, Jonn & Kurani, Kenneth S. & Burke, Andrew, 2008. "Are batteries ready for plug-in hybrid buyers?," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt5gz782g7, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    5. Axsen, Jonn & Kurani, Kenneth S. & Burke, Andrew, 2010. "Are batteries ready for plug-in hybrid buyers?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 173-182, May.
    6. Axsen, Jonn & Kurani, Kenneth S, 2010. "Anticipating plug-in hybrid vehicle energy impacts in California: Constructing consumer-informed recharge profiles," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt3h69n0cs, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Christopher, 2013. "A framework for allocating greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation to plug-in electric vehicle charging," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 722-732.

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