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Why do insurers fail? A comparison of life and non-life insolvencies using a new international database
[Les déterminants des défaillances en assurance : comparaison entre les secteurs de l’assurance à partir d’une nouvelle base de données internationale]

Author

Listed:
  • Olivier de Bandt
  • George Overton

Abstract

Plantin & Rochet (2016) document how insurers often engage in risk-shifting years before the materialization of a failure. This paper empirically examines this claim by testing the mechanisms of insurance insolvency, using a first-of-its-kind international database assembled by the authors which merges data on balance sheet and income statements together with information on impairments over the last 30 years in four big countries (France, Japan, the UK and the US). Employing different fixed effects logistic specifications and parametric survival models, the paper presents evidence of profitability as a leading indicator of failures, as well as the higher likelihood of failure by smaller firms. In addition, there is an intrinsic asymmetry between the life and non-life insurance sectors. In the life sector, asset mix is highly significant in predicting an impairment, while operating inefficiency plays no role. In the non-life sector, the opposite proves true. Plantin et Rochet (2007) étudient comment la survenance de la défaillance d’une entreprise d’assurance fait souvent suite à une prise de risque excessive plusieurs années avant l’événement. L’article examine empiriquement cette affirmation en testant les déterminants de la solvabilité des assurances. Il mobilise pour cela une base de données internationale, la première du genre, assemblée par les auteurs. La base intègre à la fois des informations sur les défaillances et des données de bilan et de compte de résultat sur les 30 dernières années dans quatre grands pays (France, Japon, Royaume-Uni et États-Unis). En utilisant différents modèles logistiques à effets fixes et des modèles de survie paramétriques, l'article montre comment la rentabilité constitue un indicateur avancé des défaillances et que la probabilité de défaut est plus élevée pour les entreprises d’assurance de petite taille. En outre, il existe une asymétrie intrinsèque entre les secteurs de l'assurance vie et de l'assurance non-vie. Dans le secteur de l'assurance-vie, la composition des actifs est très importante pour prédire une défaillance, tandis que l'inefficacité opérationnelle ne joue aucun rôle. Dans le secteur non-vie, les données disponibles indiquent que le contraire est vrai.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier de Bandt & George Overton, 2020. "Why do insurers fail? A comparison of life and non-life insolvencies using a new international database [Les déterminants des défaillances en assurance : comparaison entre les secteurs de l’assuran," Débats économiques et financiers 36, Banque de France.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:decfin:36
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Subramanian, Ajay & Wang, Jinjing, 2021. "Capital, aggregate risk, insurance prices and regulation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 156-192.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Insolvency Prediction; Insurance Default; Financial Crises;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions

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