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Les politiques financières et réglementaires face aux enjeux climatiques

Author

Listed:
  • Djedjiga Kachenoura
  • David CHETBOUN
  • Marine Lagarde,
  • Laurent Mélère,
  • Damien Serra.

Abstract

En 2015, à l’approche de la COP21 à Paris, le discours de Mark Carney, alors gouverneur de la Banque d’Angleterre et mandaté par le Conseil de stabilité financière du G20, a fait date. Il alertait sur l’importance des risques financiers climatiques pour la stabilité des institutions financières et du système financier dans son ensemble. La charge politique de la transition était laissée aux États, à condition qu’elle soit ordonnée, tandis que la responsabilité de la stabilité incombait aux régulateurs et aux banques centrales. La « finance », informée par des régimes de divulgation d’informations extra-financières, allait orienter la demande en tant que pourvoyeur de capital. Ces régimes de divulgation devaient être initiés par les acteurs privés et soutenus par les régulateurs. M. Carney craignait cependant qu’ils manquent de cohérence, de comparabilité et de clarté. Depuis, ces régimes ont proliféré couvrant à la fois les risques et l’alignement des flux financiers sur l’Accord de Paris. Néanmoins, cette « théorie du changement » et la répartition des responsabilités des acteurs demeurent floues et ambiguës. Les régulateurs financiers doivent collaborer pour rendre ces différents régimes inter-opérants et expliciter leurs objectifs. De plus, les coûts de mise en conformité et la déconnexion de certains cadres des réalités nationales freinent la mobilisation des financements et peuvent mener à l’exclusion des entités les plus vulnérables, un sujet peu abordé.

Suggested Citation

  • Djedjiga Kachenoura & David CHETBOUN & Marine Lagarde, & Laurent Mélère, & Damien Serra., 2024. "Les politiques financières et réglementaires face aux enjeux climatiques," Working Paper 7d0f431a-f29c-43aa-8618-9, Agence française de développement.
  • Handle: RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr17673
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics

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