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A Scoping Review of Internal Migration and Left-behind Children's Wellbeing in China

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  • Jinkai Li

Abstract

Children's well-being of immigrants is facing several challenges related to physical, mental, and educational risks, which may obstacle human capital accumulation and further development. In rural China, due to the restriction of Hukou registration system, nearly 9 million left-behind children (LBC) are in lack of parental care and supervision in 2020 when their parents internally migrate out for work. Through the systematic scoping review, this study provides a comprehensive literature summary and concludes the overall negative effects of parental migration on LBC's physical, mental (especially for left-behind girls), and educational outcomes (especially for left-behind boys). Noticeably, both parents' and mother's migration may exacerbate LBC's disadvantages. Furthermore, remittance from migrants and more family-level and social support may help mitigate the negative influence. Finally, we put forward theoretical and realistic implications which may shed light on potential research directions. Further studies, especially quantitative studies, are needed to conduct a longitudinal survey, combine the ongoing Hukou reform in China, and simultaneously focus on left-behind children and migrant children.

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  • Jinkai Li, 2023. "A Scoping Review of Internal Migration and Left-behind Children's Wellbeing in China," Papers 2305.04348, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2305.04348
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    1. Ren Mu & Alan Brauw, 2015. "Migration and young child nutrition: evidence from rural China," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 28(3), pages 631-657, July.
    2. Hongwei Hu & Jiamin Gao & Haochen Jiang & Haixia Jiang & Shaoyun Guo & Kun Chen & Kaili Jin & Yingying Qi, 2018. "A Comparative Study of Behavior Problems among Left-Behind Children, Migrant Children and Local Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, April.
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