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Weather Shocks and the Optimal Policy Mix in a Climate-Vulnerable Economy

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Abstract

Using data from a selection of Latin American countries affected by El Ni˜no-Southern Oscillation climate phenomena, we observe that extreme weather events can be highly disruptive for an economy, particularly in the agricultural sector, while also giving rise to inflationary pressures. Motivated by these findings, this paper examines the optimal stabilization policies for a climate-vulnerable economy with two segmented sectors: agriculture (producing food) and manufacturing. In response to climate disasters affecting agriculture, it is found to be optimal to increase fiscal transfers to farmers while maintaining core inflation at its target level. Deviating from the optimal policy mix results in smaller welfare losses as long as core inflation remains stabilized.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara Annicchiarico & Cédric Crofils, 2025. "Weather Shocks and the Optimal Policy Mix in a Climate-Vulnerable Economy," AMSE Working Papers 2504, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France.
  • Handle: RePEc:aim:wpaimx:2504
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Climate change; Physical risk; Dual Economy; Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy; E-DSGE modeling;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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