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Cost Pass-Through In The U.S. Coffee Industry

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  • Leibtag, Ephraim S.
  • Nakamura, Alice
  • Nakamura, Emi
  • Zerom, Dawit

Abstract

A rich data set of coffee prices and costs was used to determine to what extent changes in commodity costs affect manufacturer and retail prices. On average, a 10-cent increase in the cost of a pound of green coffee beans in a given quarter results in a 2-cent increase in manufacturer and retail prices in that quarter. If a cost change persists for several quarters, it will be incorporated into manufacturer prices approximately cent-forcent with the commodity-cost change. Given the substantial fixed costs and markups involved in coffee manufacturing, this translates into about a 3-percent change in retail prices for a 10-percent change in commodity prices. We do not find robust evidence that coffee prices respond more to increases than to decreases in costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Leibtag, Ephraim S. & Nakamura, Alice & Nakamura, Emi & Zerom, Dawit, 2007. "Cost Pass-Through In The U.S. Coffee Industry," Economic Research Report 7253, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersrr:7253
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.7253
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    2. Christopher Hansman & Harrison Hong & Áureo de Paula & Vishal Singh, 2020. "A Sticky-Price View of Hoarding," NBER Working Papers 27051, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Felt, Marie-Hélène & Hayashi, Fumiko & Stavins, Joanna & Welte, Angelika, 2023. "Regressive effects of payment card pricing and merchant cost pass-through in the United States and Canada," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    4. Canyakmaz, Caner & Özekici, Süleyman & Karaesmen, Fikri, 2019. "An inventory model where customer demand is dependent on a stochastic price process," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 139-152.
    5. Podhorsky, Andrea, 2015. "A positive analysis of Fairtrade certification," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 169-185.
    6. Peter Berck & Ephraim Leibtag & Alex Solis & Sofia Villas-Boas, 2009. "Patterns of Pass-through of Commodity Price Shocks to Retail Prices," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 91(5), pages 1456-1461.
    7. Emi Nakamura, 2008. "Pass-Through in Retail and Wholesale," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 98(2), pages 430-437, May.
    8. Arnade, Carlos & Cooke, Bryce & Gale, Fred, 2017. "Agricultural price transmission: China relationships with world commodity markets," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 7(C), pages 28-40.
    9. Durevall, Dick, 2017. "Cost Pass-Through in the Swedish Coffee Market," HUI Working Papers 120, HUI Research.
    10. Daniel Grandisky Lerner & Helder Marcos Freitas Pereira & Maria Sylvia Macchione Saes & Gustavo Magalhães de Oliveira, 2021. "When Unfair Trade Is Also at Home: The Economic Sustainability of Coffee Farms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-14, January.
    11. Koopmans, Carl & Lieshout, Rogier, 2016. "Airline cost changes: To what extent are they passed through to the passenger?," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1-11.
    12. Gregory, Alexandra & Featherstone, Allen M., 2008. "Nonparametric Efficiency Analysis for Coffee Farms in Puerto Rico," 2008 Annual Meeting, February 2-6, 2008, Dallas, Texas 6765, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    13. Atanu Ghoshray & Sushil Mohan, 2021. "Coffee price dynamics: an analysis of the retail-international price margin [Commodity dependence and development: suggestions to tackle the commodities problem]," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 48(4), pages 983-1006.
    14. Shi, Wenming & Wang, Ganggang & Zhao, Xu & Feng, Xuehao & Wu, Jun, 2018. "Price determination in the electrolytic aluminum industry: The role of electricity prices," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 274-281.

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