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Future Directions For Joint Agricultural-Environmental Policies: Implications Of The United Kingdom Experience For Europe And The United States

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  • Pretty, Jules N.
  • Dobbs, Thomas L.

Abstract

Major agri-environmental programs tried in the United Kingdom (UK)since the mid-1980s are examined in this report. Special attention is given to the Environmental Sensitive Areas (ESA) scheme, the Countryside Stewardship Scheme (CSS), and schemes to promote organic agriculture-first the Organic Aid Scheme and, following that, the Organic Farming Scheme. Several major studies and reviews of these and other agri-environmental schemes in England, Scotland, and Wales have been conducted in recent years. These studies and reviews are drawn upon to examine both the successes and shortcomings of various schemes in drawing farmers into more environmentally sound farming practices and systems. In conducting this review and examination, primary attention is given to farmers' income, risk reduction, and stewardship goals. Contextual factors given special attention include the following: prices and access to markets; technologies; the structure of agriculture; and social and human capital. Lessons for future agri-environmental strategies in the UK, elsewhere in Europe, and the United States are derived from this review. The emerging 'multifunctionality' approach to agricultural policy is emphasized. Among the lessons are ones dealing with: legume-based rotations in arable areas; financial assistance to organic farmers beyond the transition period; continued reform of the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy; possible merging of the ESA scheme and the CSS; extension/technical assistance nstitutions and strategy; and social and human capital for environmental change. Several issues and challenges in greatly expanding agri-environmental policies and making them more effective in the future are analyzed and explained. Those issues and challenges pertain to: the compatibility of production support and stewardship support policies; balancing stewardship support and 'environmental compliance'; opportunities for programs to contribute jointly to social and stewardship objectives; the compatibility of World Trade Organization rules with stewardship schemes; capitalization of scheme benefits into land values; how to gain from bottom-up planning and subsidiarity; and stewardship payments for farmers already practicing good stewardship.

Suggested Citation

  • Pretty, Jules N. & Dobbs, Thomas L., 2001. "Future Directions For Joint Agricultural-Environmental Policies: Implications Of The United Kingdom Experience For Europe And The United States," Economics Research Papers 32038, South Dakota State University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:sdsurp:32038
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.32038
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. L. Harrison‐Mayfield & J. Dwyer & G. Brookes, 1998. "The Socio‐Economic Effects of the Countryside Stewardship Scheme," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(2), pages 157-170, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Greene, Catherine R. & Kremen, Amy, 2003. "U.S. Organic Farming In 2000-2001: Adoption Of Certified Systems," Agricultural Information Bulletins 33769, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Thomas L. Dobbs & Jules N. Pretty, 2004. "Agri-Environmental Stewardship Schemes and "Multifunctionality"," Review of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 26(2), pages 220-237.
    3. Dobbs, Thomas L. & Pretty, Jules, 2008. "Case study of agri-environmental payments: The United Kingdom," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(4), pages 765-775, May.
    4. Abler, David, 2004. "Multifunctionality, Agricultural Policy, and Environmental Policy," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 33(1), pages 8-17, April.
    5. Julie Ingram, 2008. "Agronomist–farmer knowledge encounters: an analysis of knowledge exchange in the context of best management practices in England," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 25(3), pages 405-418, September.
    6. Dobbs, Thomas L. & Streff, Nicholas J., 2005. "Potential for the Conservation Security Program to Induce More Ecologically Diverse Crop Rotations in the Western Corn Belt," Research Reports 200502, South Dakota State University, Department of Economics.
    7. Bertramsen, Sherry K. & Hguyen, Genevieve & Dobbs, Thomas L., 2002. ""Quality" And "Eco-Labeling" Of Food Products In France And The United States," Economics Staff Papers 32022, South Dakota State University, Department of Economics.
    8. Dobbs, Thomas L., 2002. "Agricultural, Resource, And Ecological Economics With A "Multifunctionality" Perspective," Economics Staff Papers 32025, South Dakota State University, Department of Economics.
    9. Haaren, Christina V. & Bills, Nelson L., 2007. "Agri-environmental Programs in the US and the EU: Lessons from Germany and New York State," Working Papers 127018, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    10. Dobbs, Thomas L. & Streff, Nicholas J., 2005. "Potential for the Conservation Security Program to Induce More Ecologically Diverse Crop Rotations in the Western Corn Belt," 2005 Annual meeting, July 24-27, Providence, RI 19119, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).

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    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy;

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