IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/hwwadp/26289.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Internationale Migration Gehen oder Bleiben: Wieso gehen wenige und bleiben die meisten?

Author

Listed:
  • Straubhaar, Thomas

Abstract

Was bestimmt das individuelle Wanderungsverhalten? Herkömmliche migrationsökonomische Theorieansätze greifen oft zu kurz und überschätzen deshalb die grenzüberschreitenden Wanderungsbewegungen bei weitem. Dieses Diskussionspapier stellt die bisherige Optik auf den Kopf und sucht nach Faktoren, die erklären können, weshalb die meisten Menschen international immobil bleiben. Bleiben ist in den meisten Fällen eine mikroökonomisch rationale Entscheidung, selbst wenn makroökonomisch gewaltige Differenzen in den durchschnittlichen Verdienst- oder Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten bestehen. Der von Fischer/Holm/Malmberg/Straubhaar (2000) vorgeschlagene Insider-Ansatz zur Erklärung von Immobilität vermag zu erklären, weshalb als individuelle Entscheidung eine grenz- und kulturraumüberschreitende Wanderung die Ausnahme und nicht die Regel ist. Dieses Ergebnis ist deshalb von großer wirtschaftspolitischer Relevanz, weil es letztlich die Erwartungen in starke Ost-West-Wanderungen nach einer EU-Osterweiterung relativiert und eher geringe als starke Wanderungsströme von Ost- nach Westeuropa erwarten lässt. What factors determine the individual decision to migrate? This paper argues that standard migration theories often concentrate too strongly on explanations as to why people (should) go and therefore in many cases overestimate the incentives to move. However, most people stay. Thus, this paper looks at how we can explain the fact that most people are immobile and do not move internationally. It starts with some traditional arguments and ends with the insider advantages approach developed by Fischer/Holm/Malmberg/Straubhaar (2000). The results (i.e. that staying is the preferred alternative) are of considerable political interest for the debate on EU eastward enlargement as they indicate that the freedom of movement of labour within an eastwards enlarged common labour market will not generate very much east-west migration.

Suggested Citation

  • Straubhaar, Thomas, 2000. "Internationale Migration Gehen oder Bleiben: Wieso gehen wenige und bleiben die meisten?," Discussion Paper Series 26289, Hamburg Institute of International Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:hwwadp:26289
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.26289
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/26289/files/dp000111.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.26289?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hans–Werner Sinn, 2002. "EU Enlargement and the Future of the Welfare State," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 49(1), pages 104-115, February.
    2. Sinn Hans-Werner, 2000. "EU Enlargement, Migration, and Lessons from German Unification," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 1(3), pages 299-314, August.
    3. Todaro, Michael P, 1969. "A Model for Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(1), pages 138-148, March.
    4. Burda, Michael C, 1995. "Migration and the Option Value of Waiting," CEPR Discussion Papers 1229, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    5. Larry A. Sjaastad, 1970. "The Costs and Returns of Human Migration," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Harry W. Richardson (ed.), Regional Economics, chapter 9, pages 115-133, Palgrave Macmillan.
    6. Horst Siebert, 1993. "Internationale Wanderungsbewegungen - Erklärungsansätze und Gestaltungsfragen," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics (SJES), Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics (SSES), vol. 129(III), pages 229-255, September.
    7. Sinn, Hans-Werner, 1995. "Implikationen der vier Grundfreiheiten für eine nationale Fiskalpolitik," Wirtschaftsdienst – Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik (1949 - 2007), ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 75(5), pages 240-249.
    8. Stark, Oded & Taylor, J Edward, 1991. "Migration Incentives, Migration Types: The Role of Relative Deprivation," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 101(408), pages 1163-1178, September.
    9. Jennifer Hunt, 2000. "Why Do People Still Live in East Germany?," NBER Working Papers 7564, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Stark, Oded, 1994. "Patterns of Labor Migration when Workers Differ in Their Skills and Information is Asymmetric," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 57-74.
    11. Richard Baldwin & Philippe Martin, 1999. "Two Waves of Globalisation: Superficial Similarities, Fundamental Differences," Post-Print hal-03417560, HAL.
    12. Bhagwati, Jagdish N. & Schatz, Klaus-Werner & Wong, Kar-yiu, 1984. "The West German gastarbeiter system of immigration," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 277-294, December.
    13. Straubhaar, Thomas, 2000. "Why Do We Need a General Agreement on Movements of People (GAMP)?," Discussion Paper Series 26332, Hamburg Institute of International Economics.
    14. McCall, B P & McCall, J J, 1987. "A Sequential Study of Migration and Job Search," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 5(4), pages 452-476, October.
    15. Harris, John R & Todaro, Michael P, 1970. "Migration, Unemployment & Development: A Two-Sector Analysis," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 60(1), pages 126-142, March.
    16. Oded Stark, 1991. "The Migration of Labor," Blackwell Books, Wiley Blackwell, number 1557860300, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Silvia Simon, 2007. "Determinanten der personellen Ressourcenknappheit. Entwicklungen im Fürstentum Liechtenstein," Beitraege 38, Liechtenstein-Institut.
    2. Klaus Nowotny, 2011. "AFLA – Arbeitskräftemobilität und Fachkräftebedarf nach der Liberalisierung des österreichischen Arbeitsmarktes. Migrations- und Pendelpotentiale nach Ende der Übergangsfristen für die Arbeitskräftefr," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 41563.
    3. Annekatrin Niebuhr & Silvia Stiller, 2004. "Integration and Labour Markets in European Border regions," ERSA conference papers ersa04p29, European Regional Science Association.
    4. Silvia Simon, 2007. "Personelle Ressourcenknappheit - Problemaufriss, Ursachen und Ansatzpunkte im Fürstentum Liechtenstein," Arbeitspapiere 11, Liechtenstein-Institut.
    5. Henk Van Houtum & Martin Van Der Velde, 2004. "The Power of Cross‐Border Labour Market Immobility," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 95(1), pages 100-107, February.
    6. Silvia Simon, 2007. "Internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Fürstentums Liechtenstein - Ability to Sell," Arbeitspapiere 12, Liechtenstein-Institut.
    7. Peter Huber & Klaus Nowotny, 2013. "Moving across Borders: Who is Willing to Migrate or to Commute?," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(9), pages 1462-1481, October.
    8. Klaus Nowotny & Robert Hierländer, 2009. "FAMO – Fachkräftemonitoring. Regelmäßige Erhebung des Angebots und des Bedarfs an Fachkräften in der Grenzregion Ostösterreichs mit der Slowakei. FAMO I: Migrations- und Pendelpotentiale in Wien und d," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 37422.
    9. Huib Ernste, 2010. "Bottom‐Up European Integration: How To Cross The Threshold Of Indifference?," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 101(2), pages 228-235, April.
    10. Annekatrin Niebuhr & Silvia Stiller, 2004. "The impact of Poland’s EU accession on labour supply in the German-Polish border region – What can we expect?," ERSA conference papers ersa04p234, European Regional Science Association.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Fidrmuc, Jan, 2001. "Migration and adjustment to shocks in transition economies," ZEI Working Papers B 23-2001, University of Bonn, ZEI - Center for European Integration Studies.
    2. Fidrmuc, Jan, 2004. "Migration and regional adjustment to asymmetric shocks in transition economies," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 230-247, June.
    3. Wadim Strielkowski, 2007. "A Living Worth Leaving? Economic Incentives and Migration Flows: The Case of Czechoslovak Labour Migration," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2007(3), pages 252-264.
    4. Elena Vitalievna, Lebedeva, 2007. "Determinants of International Migration and Remittances," MPRA Paper 104789, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2007.
    5. Jancewicz, Barbara & Markowski, Stefan, 2019. "Wealth formation by economic agents and their international mobility: towards an eclectic migration decision-support framework," Studia z Polityki Publicznej / Public Policy Studies, Warsaw School of Economics, vol. 6(4), pages 1-28, December.
    6. Barbarito, Antonella, 2005. "The Determinants of Migration: A Theorizing and Conceptualizing of Policy Issues in Perspective of Sending and Destination Effects," MPRA Paper 104469, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2005.
    7. Les Christidis, Les Christidis, 2005. "Theorizing and Conceptualizing of Migration," MPRA Paper 105238, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2005.
    8. Michael, Owiso, 2005. "Conceptualizing Determinants of Migration," MPRA Paper 104986, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2005.
    9. Chrząstowska, Bożena, 2006. "Determinants of International Migration: A Study of Dual Countries Perspectives," MPRA Paper 104689, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2006.
    10. Yilmaz, Binhan Elif, 2004. "The Determinants of Migration: A Study of Sending and Destination Perspective," MPRA Paper 104552, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Herbert Brücker & Boriss Siliverstovs & Parvati Trübswetter, 2003. "International Migration to Germany: Estimation of a Time-Series Model and Inference in Panel Cointegration," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 391, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    12. Jan Fidrmuc, 2002. "Migration and Regional Adjustment and Asymmetric Shocks in Transition Economies," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 441, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
    13. Behnaz, Flippo, 2008. "Conceptualizing Determinants of International Migration and Remittances," MPRA Paper 104915, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2008.
    14. Stephen Drinkwater, 2003. "Go West? Assessing the willingness to move from Central and Eastern European Countries," School of Economics Discussion Papers 0503, School of Economics, University of Surrey.
    15. Sergio Vergalli, 2011. "Entry and Exit Strategies in Migration Dynamics," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 32(4), pages 362-389, December.
    16. Herbert Brücker & Boriss Siliverstovs, 2006. "On the estimation and forecasting of international migration: how relevant is heterogeneity across countries?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 31(3), pages 735-754, September.
    17. Sidra Feroz & Bushra Yasmin, 2021. "Terrorism and Brain Drain in Pakistan: Is There a Connection?," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 22(1), pages 73-87, March.
    18. Tito Boeri & Herbert Brücker, 2005. "Migration, Co-ordination Failures and EU Enlargement: Paper Presented at the 41st Economic Policy Panel in Luxembourg, 15/16 April 2005," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 481, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    19. Michael Clemens, 2014. "Does Development Reduce Migration? - Working Paper 359," Working Papers 359, Center for Global Development.
    20. Bauer, Thomas K. & Rulff, Christian & Tamminga, Michael M., 2019. "Berlin calling - Internal migration in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 823, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Labor and Human Capital;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:hwwadp:26289. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/hwwaade.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.