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Decoupled Payments to EU Farmers, Production, and Trade: An Economic Analysis for Germany

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  • von Witzke, Harald
  • Noleppa, Steffen
  • Schwarz, Gerald

Abstract

After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and trade effects of this policy and its compatibility with WTO international trade rules. A survey of the literature suggests that the system of direct payments in its present form has effects which are analogous to a subsidization of agricultural land. Thus, they act to increase production and trade. Furthermore we quantify the total economic cost of production of selected commodities in the European Union and compare them to the price at which EU production is sold in foreign markets. Our analysis suggests that the costs of production in the European Union for key agricultural commodities are below international prices. It can be established that commodities for which the European Union is a net exporter are sold below cost, for extended periods of time and in substantial quantities. The EU system of decoupled payments to farmers, thus, acts to inflict economic injury to third countries. Under WTO rules, dumping can only occur when a country is an exporter. In this paper we demonstrate that on the markets included in the analysis dumping occurs on the market for wheat. The extent of injury is exemplified for Australia.

Suggested Citation

  • von Witzke, Harald & Noleppa, Steffen & Schwarz, Gerald, 2010. "Decoupled Payments to EU Farmers, Production, and Trade: An Economic Analysis for Germany," Working Paper Series 59853, Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:huiawp:59853
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.59853
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roche, M. & McQuinn, K., 2003. "Efficient allocation of land in a decoupled world," Economics Department Working Paper Series n1190103, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland - Maynooth.
    2. Beghin, John C. & Dong, Fengxia & Elobeid, Amani E. & Fabiosa, Jacinto F. & Fuller, Frank H. & Hart, Chad E. & Kovacik, Karen & Matthey, Holger & Saak, Alexander E. & Tokgoz, Simla & Chavez, Eddie C. , 2004. "FAPRI 2004 U.S. and World Agricultural Outlook," FAPRI Staff Reports 32046, Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI).
    3. Maurice J. Roche, 2004. "Riskier product portfolio under decoupled payments," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 31(2), pages 111-123, June.
    4. von Witzke, Harald & Noleppa, Steffen & Schwarz, Gerald, 2009. "Global agricultural market trends revisited: The roles of energy prices and biofuel production," Working Paper Series 48596, Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics.
    5. Ahearn, Mary Clare & Collender, Robert N. & Diao, Xinshen & Harrington, David H. & Hoppe, Robert A. & Korb, Penelope J. & Makki, Shiva S. & Morehart, Mitchell J. & Roberts, Michael J. & Roe, Terry L. , 2004. "Decoupled Payments In A Changing Policy Setting," Agricultural Economic Reports 33981, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    6. Schmitt, Gunther & Witzke, Harold von, 1981. "Minimum Income Policy: Elements and Effects of an Alternative Instrument of Farm Policy of the European Community," 1981 Occasional Paper Series No. 2 197139, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
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    Cited by:

    1. Vellinga, Nico & Xu, Yan & Roberts, Deborah, 2013. "Understanding the economy-wide impacts of CAP decoupling: An assessment of alternative CGE model specifications," 87th Annual Conference, April 8-10, 2013, Warwick University, Coventry, UK 158857, Agricultural Economics Society.
    2. Agnė Žičkienė & Rasa Melnikienė & Mangirdas Morkūnas & Artiom Volkov, 2022. "CAP Direct Payments and Economic Resilience of Agriculture: Impact Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-24, August.

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