IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/eaae14/186678.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Farm household risk balancing in Switzerland and Belgium: an econometric and survey approach

Author

Listed:
  • de Mey, Yann
  • Wauters, Erwin
  • Lips, Markus
  • Schmid, Dirk
  • Vancauteren, Mark
  • Van Passel, Steven

Abstract

This paper presents the first empirical evidence on farm household risk balancing behavior, i.e., making strategic off-farm decisions in response to changes in expected business risk. Firstly, using survey data combined with Flemish FADN data, we construct a psychometric household risk balancing scale and explore what determines the differences in scores for different farm households. Secondly, using Swiss FADN data, we estimate an econometric model that analyzes how farm households jointly alter their levels of debt, off-farm income and consumption. The evidence suggests that in response to exogenous changes in expected business risk, farm households make strategic off-farm decisions. Our study demonstrates that part of the behavioral risk response of farm households is ignored when focusing solely on farm-level analyses and illustrates the relevance of the extended household risk balancing framework.

Suggested Citation

  • de Mey, Yann & Wauters, Erwin & Lips, Markus & Schmid, Dirk & Vancauteren, Mark & Van Passel, Steven, 2014. "Farm household risk balancing in Switzerland and Belgium: an econometric and survey approach," 2014 International Congress, August 26-29, 2014, Ljubljana, Slovenia 186678, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:eaae14:186678
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.186678
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/186678/files/de%20Mey%20et%20al%20_2014_%20Farm%20household%20risk%20balancing%20in%20Switzerland%20and%20Belgium%20-%20an%20econometric%20and%20survey%20approach.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.186678?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ashok K. Mishra & Barry K. Goodwin, 1997. "Farm Income Variability and the Supply of Off-Farm Labor," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 79(3), pages 880-887.
    2. Susan Offutt, 2002. "The Future of Farm Policy Analysis: A Household Perspective," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 84(5), pages 1189-1200.
    3. Helena Hansson & Carl Johan Lagerkvist, 2012. "Measuring farmers' preferences for risk: a domain-specific risk preference scale," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(7), pages 737-753, August.
    4. Woldehanna, Tassew & Lansink, Alfons Oude & Peerlings, Jack, 2000. "Off-farm work decisions on Dutch cash crop farms and the 1992 and Agenda 2000 CAP reforms," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 22(2), pages 163-171, March.
    5. Teresa Serra & Barry K. Goodwin & Allen M. Featherstone, 2004. "Determinants of investments in non‐farm assets by farm households," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 64(1), pages 17-32, May.
    6. Kenneth Poon & Alfons Weersink, 2011. "Factors affecting variability in farm and off‐farm income," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 71(3), pages 379-397, November.
    7. Bard, Sharon K. & Barry, Peter J., 2000. "Developing A Scale For Assessing Risk Attitudes Of Agricultural Decision Makers," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 3(1), pages 1-17.
    8. Simon Jetté‐Nantel & David Freshwater & Ani L. Katchova & Martin Beaulieu, 2011. "Farm income variability and off‐farm diversification among Canadian farm operators," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 71(3), pages 329-346, November.
    9. Joost M.E. Pennings & Philip Garcia, 2001. "Measuring Producers' Risk Preferences: A Global Risk-Attitude Construct," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 83(4), pages 993-1009.
    10. Jeffrey M Wooldridge, 2010. "Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 2, volume 1, number 0262232588, April.
    11. Carlo Cafiero & Fabian Capitanio & Antonio Cioffi & Adele Coppola, 2007. "Risk and Crisis Management in the Reformed European Agricultural Policy," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 55(4), pages 419-441, December.
    12. Joe Dewbre, 2006. "The Impact of Coupled and Decoupled Government Subsidies on Off-Farm Labor Participation of U.S. Farm Operators," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 88(2), pages 393-408.
    13. van Winsen, Frankwin & de Mey, Yann & Lauwers, Ludwig & Van Passel, Steven & Vancauteren, Mark & Wauters, Erwin, 2013. "Cognitive mapping: A method to elucidate and present farmers’ risk perception," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 42-52.
    14. Teresa Serra & Barry K. Goodwin & Allen M. Featherstone, 2005. "Agricultural Policy Reform and Off‐farm Labour Decisions," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(2), pages 271-285, July.
    15. Yann de Mey & Frankwin van Winsen & Erwin Wauters & Mark Vancauteren & Ludwig Lauwers & Steven Van Passel, 2014. "Farm-level evidence on risk balancing behavior in the EU-15," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 74(1), pages 17-37, April.
    16. Nadja El Benni & Robert Finger & Stefan Mann, 2012. "Effects of agricultural policy reforms and farm characteristics on income risk in Swiss agriculture," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 72(3), pages 301-324, November.
    17. Hill, Berkeley, 2002. "Policy Requirements in the EU and the Existing Array of Indicators Problem Definition, Policy Performance and the Implications of Reform," Workshop on the Farm Household-Firm Unit: Its Importance in Agriculture and Implications for Statistics, April 12-13,2002, Wye Campus, Imperial College 15719, International Agricultural Policy Reform and Adjustment Project (IAPRAP).
    18. Barry K. Goodwin & Ashok K. Mishra, 2004. "Farming Efficiency and the Determinants of Multiple Job Holding by Farm Operators," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 86(3), pages 722-729.
    19. Mishra, Ashok K. & El-Osta, Hisham S. & Morehart, Mitchell J. & Johnson, James D. & Hopkins, Jeffrey W., 2002. "Income, Wealth, And The Economic Well-Being Of Farm Households," Agricultural Economic Reports 33967, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    20. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge & Mishra, Ashok K. & Nehring, Richard F. & Hendricks, Chad & Southern, Malaya & Gregory, Alexandra, 2007. "Off-Farm Income, Technology Adoption, And Farm Economic Performance," Economic Research Report 7234, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    21. Robert A. Collins, 1985. "Expected Utility, Debt-Equity Structure, and Risk Balancing," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 67(3), pages 627-629.
    22. Thea Nielsen & Alwin Keil & Manfred Zeller, 2013. "Assessing farmers’ risk preferences and their determinants in a marginal upland area of Vietnam: a comparison of multiple elicitation techniques," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 44(3), pages 255-273, May.
    23. Amber Remble & Maria Marshall & Roman Keeney, 2014. "Household Saving Behavior and the Influence of Family-Owned Business," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 411-422, September.
    24. Stephen C. Gabriel & C. B. Baker, 1980. "Concepts of Business and Financial Risk," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 62(3), pages 560-564.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yann de Mey & Erwin Wauters & Dierk Schmid & Markus Lips & Mark Vancauteren & Steven Van Passel, 2016. "Farm household risk balancing: empirical evidence from Switzerland," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 43(4), pages 637-662.
    2. Pastusiak, Radosław & Jasiniak, Magdalena & Stawska, Joanna & Soliwoda, Michał, 2017. "Znaczenie dochodów pozarolniczych w gospodarstwach rolnych Kanady i USA," Village and Agriculture (Wieś i Rolnictwo), Polish Academy of Sciences (IRWiR PAN), Institute of Rural and Agricultural Development, vol. 1(174).
    3. Corsi, Alessandro & Salvioni, Cristina, 2017. "Once part-timer always part-timer? Causes for persistence in off farm work state of farmers," Bio-based and Applied Economics Journal, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA), vol. 6(2), September.
    4. Radosław PASTUSIAK & Magdalena JASINIAK & Michał SOLIWODA & Joanna STAWSKA, 2017. "What may determine off-farm income? A review," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 63(8), pages 380-391.
    5. Lien, Gudbrand D. & Kumbhakar, Subal C. & Hardaker, J. Brian, 2008. "Determinants Of Part-Time Farming And Its Effect On Farm Productivity And Efficiency," 107th Seminar, January 30-February 1, 2008, Sevilla, Spain 6701, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    6. Abdul-Salam, Yakubu & Roberts, Deborah, 2018. "Determinants of off-farm work and its effect on agricultural input intensity," 92nd Annual Conference, April 16-18, 2018, Warwick University, Coventry, UK 273486, Agricultural Economics Society.
    7. Key, Nigel & Prager, Daniel & Burns, Christopher, 2017. "Farm Household Income Volatility: An Analysis Using Panel Data From a National Survey," Economic Research Report 256710, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    8. Dries, Liesbeth & Ciaian, Pavel & Kancs, d’Artis, 2012. "Job creation and job destruction in EU agriculture," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 600-608.
    9. Raimondi, Valentina & Curzi, Daniele & Bertoni, Danilo & Olper, Alessandro, 2013. "Off-farm Labour Decision of Italian Farm Operators," Factor Markets Working Papers 173, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    10. Sauer, Johannes & Finger, Robert, 2014. "Climate Risk Management Strategies in Agriculture – The Case of Flood Risk," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 172679, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    11. Jeffrey Gillespie & Ashok Mishra, 2011. "Off‐farm employment and reasons for entering farming as determinants of production enterprise selection in US agriculture," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 55(3), pages 411-428, July.
    12. Bojnec, Stefan & Ferto, Imre, 2011. "Impact of Off-farm Income on Farm Efficiency in Slovenia," 2011 International Congress, August 30-September 2, 2011, Zurich, Switzerland 114258, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    13. Chang, Hung-Hao & Boisvert, Richard N., 2009. "Does Participation in the Conservation Reserve Program and/or Off-Farm Work Affect the Level and Distribution of Farm Household Income?," Working Papers 57035, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    14. Adhikari, Sudip & Khanal, Aditya R., 2020. "Does higher business risk influence financial risk and induce savings among small agricultural operations? Findings from Tennessee," 2020 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, Kansas City, Missouri 304509, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    15. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge & Mishra, Ashok K. & Nehring, Richard F. & Hendricks, Chad & Southern, Malaya & Gregory, Alexandra, 2007. "Off-Farm Income, Technology Adoption, And Farm Economic Performance," Economic Research Report 7234, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    16. Corsi, A. & Salvioni, C., 2013. "Off-farm labour participation of Italian farmers, state dependence and the CAP reform," 2013 Second Congress, June 6-7, 2013, Parma, Italy 149886, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA).
    17. Boisvert, Richard N. & Chang, Hung-Hao, 2006. "Does Participation in the Conservation Reserve Program and Off-Farm Work Affect the Level and Distribution of Farm Household Incomes?," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21277, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    18. Avery Cole & Xuan Chen, 2021. "Off‐farm employment in aquaculture: A case study of New England's oyster growers," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 69(3), pages 369-382, September.
    19. repec:lic:licosd:31512 is not listed on IDEAS
    20. Erwin WAUTERS & Frankwin van WINSEN & Yann de MEY & Ludwig LAUWERS, 2014. "Risk perception, attitudes towards risk and risk management: evidence and implications," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(9), pages 389-405.
    21. Chintawar, Sachin & Mishra, Ashok K. & Gillespie, Jeffrey M., 2009. "The Impact of Adoption of Genetically Modified Corn on the Off-Farm Labor Supply in the United States," 2009 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2009, Atlanta, Georgia 46832, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:eaae14:186678. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/eaaeeea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.