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Promoting Female Economic Inclusion for Tax Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Simplice A. Asongu

    (Yaounde, Cameroon)

  • Alex Adegboye

    (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)

  • Joseph Nnanna

    (The Development Bank of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria)

Abstract

This study explores whether female economic inclusion enhances tax performance in a sample of 48 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2000 to 2018. The study’s empirical evidence is based on the generalized method of moments in order to account for endogeneity concerns. Three tax performance measurements are used, notably, total taxes revenue excluding social contributions, reported tax revenue derived from natural resources sources, and total non-resource tax revenue. Three female inclusion indicators are used, namely, female employment in industry, female labour force participation, and female employment. The following empirical evidences are documented; (i) There is a negative net effect from the enhancement of female employment in the industry on the total tax revenue. (ii) There is a positive net effect of female employment in the industry on the non-resource taxes. An extended threshold analysis is performed to establish the critical masses that could further influence tax performance positively. The following thresholds are established. (i) a minimum of 15.35 “employment in industry, female (% of female employment)†for the total tax revenue and (ii) a maximum of 23.75 “employment in industry, female (% of female employment)†for the non-resource tax revenue. These critical masses are crucial for sustainable development because, below or beyond these thresholds, policymakers should complement the female economic inclusion with other economic measures designed to improve tax performance in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Suggested Citation

  • Simplice A. Asongu & Alex Adegboye & Joseph Nnanna, 2020. "Promoting Female Economic Inclusion for Tax Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers of The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA). 20/002, The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA).
    • Handle: RePEc:aak:wpaper:20/002
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    Cited by:

    1. Simplice A. Asongu & Cheikh T. Ndour & Judith C. M. Ngoungou, 2023. "The effects of gender political inclusion and democracy on environmental performance: evidence from the method of moments by quantile regression," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 23/060, African Governance and Development Institute..
    2. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2023. "Economic sectors and globalization channels to gender economic inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 23/020, African Governance and Development Institute..
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    4. Asongu, Simplice A. & Ngoungou, Yolande E. & Nnanna, Joseph, 2023. "Mobile money innovations and health performance in sub-Saharan Africa," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    5. Simplice Asongu, 2023. "Female unemployment and the procedure that a woman has to go through to start a business: microfinance policy thresholds," Social Responsibility Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 20(5), pages 939-955, December.
    6. Elvis Dze Achuo & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2022. "Women empowerment and environmental sustainability in Africa," Working Papers of The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA). 22/003, The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA).
    7. Menyelim M. Chima & Abiola Ayopo Babajide & Alex Adegboye & Segun Kehinde & Oluwatobi Fasheyitan, 2021. "The Relevance of Financial Inclusion on Sustainable Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan African Nations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-20, May.
    8. Simplice A. Asongu & Omang O. Messono & Keyanfe T. J. Guttemberg, 2021. "Women political empowerment and vulnerability to climate change: evidence from developing countries," Working Papers 21/010, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    9. Omang Ombolo Messono & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2022. "Historical prevalence of infectious diseases and gender equality in 122 countries," Working Papers 22/027, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    10. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2023. "Microfinance institutions and female entrepreneurship in Sub-Saharan Africa: avoidable female unemployment thresholds," Working Papers 23/018, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    11. Simplice A. Asongu & Omang O. Messono & Keyanfe T. J. Guttemberg, 2022. "Women political empowerment and vulnerability to climate change: evidence from 169 countries," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 174(3), pages 1-26, October.
    12. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2023. "Female unemployment, mobile money innovations and doing business by females," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 1-26, December.
    13. Simplice Asongu & Rexon Nting, 2021. "The mobile phone in governance for environmental sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 39(1), pages 225-243, June.
    14. Tii N. Nchofoung & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou & Ofeh M. Edoh, 2022. "Gender political inclusion and democracy in Africa: some empirical evidence," Working Papers 22/051, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    15. Nchofoung, Tii & Asongu, Simplice & Tchamyou, Vanessa & Edoh, Ofeh, 2021. "Political inclusion and democracy in Africa: some empirical evidence," MPRA Paper 111838, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Tii N. Nchofoung & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2022. "Effect of women’s political inclusion on the level of infrastructures in Africa," Working Papers of The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA). 22/004, The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA).
    17. Pamela E. Ofori & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2021. "The Synergy between Governance and Economic Integration in Promoting Female Economic Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers 21/071, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    18. Bruno Emmanuel Ongo Nkoa & Jacques Simon Song, 2022. "Les canaux de transmission des effets des TIC sur la mobilisation des recettes fiscales en Afrique," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 34(S1), pages 80-101, July.
    19. Pamela E. Ofori & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou & Raufhon Salahodjaev, 2023. "The Synergy between Governance and Trade Openness in Promoting Female Economic Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers of The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA). 23/001, The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA).
    20. Tii N. Nchofoung & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2024. "Effect of women’s political inclusion on the level of infrastructures in Africa," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 1181-1202, April.
    21. Tii N. Nchofoung & Simplice A. Asongu & Vanessa S. Tchamyou, 2021. "The political implication of women and industrialisation in Africa," Research Africa Network Working Papers 21/072, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    22. Isaac K. Ofori & Pamela E. Ofori & Simplice A. Asongu, 2021. "Towards Efforts to Enhance Tax Revenue Mobilisation in Africa: Exploring Synergies between Industrialisation and ICTs," Research Africa Network Working Papers 21/058, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    23. Jean C. Kouam & Simplice A. Asongu, 2022. "Female Unemployment and Economic Growth in Cameroon: An Estimation of a Nonlinear Okun's Law Specification by the ARDL Cointegration Model," Working Papers 22/078, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    24. Pamela E. Ofori & Isaac K. Ofori & Simplice A. Asongu, 2022. "Towards efforts to enhance tax revenue mobilisation in Africa: Exploring the interaction between industrialisation and digital infrastructure," Working Papers 22/045, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    25. Adegboye, Alex & Uwuigbe, Uwalomwa & Ojeka, Stephen & Uwuigbe, Olubukunola & Dahunsi, Olajide & Adegboye, Kofo, 2022. "Driving information communication technology for tax revenue mobilization in Sub-Saharan Africa," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(7).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender; economic inclusion; tax performance; sustainable development; Africa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • H71 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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