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Design and Appraisal of Rural Transport Infrastructure : Ensuring Basic Access for Rural Communities

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  • Jerry Lebo
  • Dieter Schelling

Abstract

Isolation contributes to rural poverty. Without a minimum of reliable and efficient access to locations of basic social and economic activities, rural life stagnates and local development prospects remain limited. Providing and maintaining a minimum level of access, referred to in this paper as basic access, is therefore a necessary element of any rural development strategy. Overcoming isolation necessitates holistic strategies. Approaches include improved logistics to support trade and communication, the promotion of transport services and intermediaite means of transport, improved quality and location of services, and the sustaianable provision of cost-effective transport infrastrucutre. Among these, the cost-effective design and appraisal of rural transport infrastructure (RTI) is the topic of this paper. A basic access approach to the provision of RTI is presented which gives priority to the provision and maintenance of reliable, all-season access. Basic access interventions are defined as the least-cost investments which provide a minimum level of all-season passability. In a majority of cases, this means single-lane, spot-improved earth or gravel roads. In situations where motorized basic access is not affordable, improvement of the existing path network and the construction of footbridges may be the only alternative. resources are scarce. Therefore the basic access approach should only employ the most appropriate and cost-effective interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jerry Lebo & Dieter Schelling, 2001. "Design and Appraisal of Rural Transport Infrastructure : Ensuring Basic Access for Rural Communities," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 13911.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbpubs:13911
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Riverson, J. & Gaviria, J. & Thriscutt, S., 1991. "Rural roads in Sub-Saharan Africa: lessons from World Bank experience," Papers 141, World Bank - Technical Papers.
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    3. Ahmed, Raisuddin & Hossain, Mahabub, 1990. "Developmental impact of rural infrastructure in Bangladesh:," Research reports 83, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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    2. Md. Musleh Uddin Hasan & A S M Abdul Quium & Mashrur Rahman & Farzana Khatun & Mohammad Shakil Akther & Afsana Haque & Sarwar Jahan & Ishrat Islam & Tanjeeb Ahmed & Tanvir Hossain Shubho, 2022. "A Methodology for Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Wong, Ho Lun & Luo, Renfu & Zhang, Linxiu & Rozelle, Scott, 2013. "Providing quality infrastructure in rural villages: The case of rural roads in China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 262-274.
    4. World Bank, 2006. "Making the New Indonesia Work for the Poor," World Bank Publications - Reports 8172, The World Bank Group.
    5. Madhusudan Ghosh, 2017. "Infrastructure and Development in Rural India," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 11(3), pages 256-289, August.
    6. Ajit Pratap Singh & Makrand Wagale & Kunal Dhadse & Anjaney Singh, 2022. "Socioeconomic impacts of low-volume roads using a GIS-based multidimensional impact assessment approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(5), pages 6676-6701, May.
    7. World Bank, 2005. "Agriculture and Achieving the Millennium Development Goals," World Bank Publications - Reports 8455, The World Bank Group.
    8. Escobal, Javier, 2005. "The Role of Public Infraestructure in Market Development in Rural Peru," MPRA Paper 727, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Satish, P., 2007. "Rural Infrastructure and Growth: An Overview," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 62(1), pages 1-20.
    10. Jacoby, Hanan G. & Minten, Bart, 2009. "On measuring the benefits of lower transport costs," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(1), pages 28-38, May.
    11. Banick, Robert & Heyns, Andries M. & Regmi, Suraj, 2021. "Evaluation of rural roads construction alternatives according to seasonal service accessibility improvement using a novel multi-modal cost-time model: A study in Nepal's remote and mountainous Karnali," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    12. Akpan, Uduak & Morimoto, Risako, 2022. "An application of Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) to the prioritization of rural roads to improve rural accessibility in Nigeria," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 82(PB).
    13. Venter, Christoffel J. & Molomo, Malesela & Mashiri, Mac, 2014. "Supply and pricing strategies of informal rural transport providers," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 239-248.
    14. Andries M. Heyns & Robert Banick, 2024. "Optimisation of rural roads planning based on multi-modal travel: a multi-service accessibility study in Nepal’s remote Karnali Province," Transportation, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 567-613, April.
    15. Alondra Chamorro & Tomás Echaveguren & Eduardo Allen & Marta Contreras & Joaquín Dagá & Hernan de Solminihac & Luis E. Lara, 2020. "Sustainable Risk Management of Rural Road Networks Exposed to Natural Hazards: Application to Volcanic Lahars in Chile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-23, August.
    16. Devkota, Bhuwan & Dudycha, Douglas & Andrey, Jean, 2012. "Planning for non-motorized travel in rural Nepal: a role for geographic information systems," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 282-291.
    17. Asian Development Bank Institute, 2017. "Myanmar Transport Sector Policy Note: Rural Roads and Access," Working Papers id:11782, eSocialSciences.
    18. Alcázar, Lorena & Nakasone, Eduardo & Torero, Máximo, 2007. "Provision of Public Services and Welfare of the Poor: Learning from an Incomplete Electricity Privatization Process in Rural Peru," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 3351, Inter-American Development Bank.
    19. David Stifel & Bart Minten & Bethlehem Koru, 2016. "Economic Benefits of Rural Feeder Roads: Evidence from Ethiopia," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(9), pages 1335-1356, September.
    20. Benevenuto, Rodolfo & Caulfield, Brian, 2022. "Examining the socioeconomic outcomes of transport interventions in the Global South," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 56-66.
    21. Paul Starkey & Simon Ellis & John Hine & Anna Ternell, 2002. "Improving Rural Mobility : Options for Developing Motorized and Nonmotorized Transport in Rural Areas," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 15230.
    22. Máximo Torero & Lorena Alcazar & Eduardo Nakasone, 2007. "El suministro de servicios públicos y bienestar social para los pobres. Aprendizaje de la privatización incompleta del sector eléctrico en Perú," Research Department Publications 3233, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    23. Jonathan Demenge, 2015. "Development Theory, Regional Politics and the Unfolding of the ‘Roadscape’ in Ladakh, North India," Journal of Infrastructure Development, India Development Foundation, vol. 7(1), pages 1-18, June.

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