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Blast Disease A Major Threat To Food Security: A Review Of Pathogen And Strategies To Control

Author

Listed:
  • Shraddha Timsina

    (G.P Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Center, Purbanchal University, Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal)

  • Sukritee Bhattarai

    (G.P Koirala College of Agriculture and Research Center, Purbanchal University, Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal)

Abstract

Rice blast is caused by the fungi Magnaporthe oryzae, which belongs to the group Ascomycota. The disease cycle of rice blast begins with the infection of the plant tissue by the spores of the pathogen. The spores can be carried by wind, water, and insects, and can infect the plant at any growth stage, from seedling to the heading stage. Once the spore lands on the plant tissue, they germinate and penetrate the tissue through a specialized structure called appressoria. Inside the plant tissue, the fungus grows and produces lesions that appear as small grayish-white spots on the leaves, collar, neck, and panicle of the plant. Under favorable conditions, the lesions can enlarge rapidly, causing complete crop failure. The epidemiology of rice blasts is influenced by various factors, such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind, and varietal susceptibility. The pathogen can survive in the soil and plant debris for several months, providing a potential source of infection for the next crop. Several management strategies have been developed to control rice blasts, including cultural, botanical, nutrient management, biotechnological, and chemical methods. Chemical methods such as fungicides can be used to control the disease, but their use should be judicious to avoid the development of fungicide resistance and environmental pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Shraddha Timsina & Sukritee Bhattarai, 2023. "Blast Disease A Major Threat To Food Security: A Review Of Pathogen And Strategies To Control," Sustainability in Food and Agriculture (SFNA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 4(2), pages 55-60, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:zib:zbsfna:v:4:y:2023:i:2:p:55-60
    DOI: 10.26480/sfna.02.2023.55.60
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Martha C. Giraldo & Yasin F. Dagdas & Yogesh K. Gupta & Thomas A. Mentlak & Mihwa Yi & Ana Lilia Martinez-Rocha & Hiromasa Saitoh & Ryohei Terauchi & Nicholas J. Talbot & Barbara Valent, 2013. "Two distinct secretion systems facilitate tissue invasion by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Ralph A. Dean & Nicholas J. Talbot & Daniel J. Ebbole & Mark L. Farman & Thomas K. Mitchell & Marc J. Orbach & Michael Thon & Resham Kulkarni & Jin-Rong Xu & Huaqin Pan & Nick D. Read & Yong-Hwan Lee , 2005. "The genome sequence of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7036), pages 980-986, April.
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