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Migrations- und Arbeitsmarktwirkungen der Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit

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  • Schäfer, Holger

Abstract

Im Mai 2011 stellt Deutschland als eines der letzten EU-Länder gegenüber den acht im Jahre 2004 beigetretenen ost- und mitteleuropäischen EU-Ländern die volle Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit her. Es ist von hohem Interesse, welche Migrationswirkungen der damit verbundene Verlust von Steuerungsmöglichkeiten nach sich ziehen wird. Die bislang vorliegenden Studien unterstellen überwiegend ein Beitrittsszenario, in dem alle EU-Länder gleichzeitig die uneingeschränkte Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit herstellen. Tatsächlich aber erfolgte eine gestaffelte Abschaffung von Mobilitätseinschränkungen. Im Ergebnis könnten die Migrationsströme dauerhaft umgeleitet worden sein. Nach einer Schätzung auf Basis von aktuellen Befragungsdaten des Eurobarometers sind in den ersten Jahren nach dem Wegfall der Einschränkungen der Freizügigkeit durchaus hohe Zuwanderungszahlen zu erwarten. Langfristig bleibt der Zustrom aber vor allem im Vergleich zu früheren Zuwanderungswellen moderat. Die Zuwanderung aus Osteuropa kann allerdings helfen, die konjunkturell bedingt hohe Nachfrage nach Arbeitskräften, die mit der demografisch bedingten Schrumpfung des heimischen Arbeitskräftepotenzials verbunden ist, zu kompensieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Schäfer, Holger, 2011. "Migrations- und Arbeitsmarktwirkungen der Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 38(2), pages 3-18.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:iwktre:157024
    DOI: 10.2373/1864-810X.11-02-01
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    1. Brenke, Karl & Yuksel, Mutlu & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2009. "EU Enlargement under Continued Mobility Restrictions: Consequences for the German Labor Market," IZA Discussion Papers 4055, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    Cited by:

    1. Hammer, Luisa & Hertweck, Matthias Sebastian, 2022. "EU Enlargement and (Temporary) Migration: Effects on Labour Market Outcomes in Germany," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264082, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.

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