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Developing Better Measures of Neighbourhood Characteristics and Change for Use in Studies of Residential Mobility: A Case Study of Britain in the Early 2000s

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  • Gambaro, Ludovica
  • Joshi, Heather
  • Lupton, Ruth
  • Fenton, Alex
  • Lennon, Mary Clare

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of measuring neighbourhood characteristics and change when working with individual level datasets to understand the effects of residential mobility. Currently available measures in Britain are in various respects unsuitable for this purpose. The paper explores a new indicator of small area poverty: the Unadjusted Means-tested Benefits Rate (UMBR), which divides claimants of means-tested benefits in a small area by the number of households. We describe changes in area poverty between 2001 and 2006, using UMBR. As often assumed, these are generally negligible, but small areas in ``disadvantaged urban'' and ``multicultural city life'' communities did change considerably in this period. We also link UMBR to the first three waves of the UK Millennium Cohort Study, a survey of families with children born at the beginning of the 2000s. We examine opinions about neighbourhood and find that parents living in areas of higher poverty did tend to express more negative views than those living elsewhere. Living in high poverty areas was also associated with moving home, and those families who retrospectively gave neighbourhood considerations as reasons for moving did move into areas with markedly lower poverty rates. Finally, we compare families' moving trajectories to trends in poverty within areas. We are able to show that a large proportion of families who moved to poorer neighbourhoods were at double disadvantage, as they often moved to areas with increasing poverty rates. We conclude that UMBR can be used to enhance understanding of changing neighbourhood contexts in cohort studies, at least for this period, although it still suffers from the same conceptual and technical difficulties as other available alternatives in terms of its ability to capture aspects of neighbourhood quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Gambaro, Ludovica & Joshi, Heather & Lupton, Ruth & Fenton, Alex & Lennon, Mary Clare, 2016. "Developing Better Measures of Neighbourhood Characteristics and Change for Use in Studies of Residential Mobility: A Case Study of Britain in the Early 2000s," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 9(4), pages 569-590.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:205808
    DOI: 10.1007/s12061-015-9164-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:cep:sticas:/173 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Alex Fenton, 2013. "Small-area measures of income poverty," CASE - Social Policy in a Cold Climate Working Paper 01, Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, LSE.
    3. Tim Butler, 2007. "Re‐urbanizing London Docklands: Gentrification, Suburbanization or New Urbanism?," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 759-781, December.
    4. Fenton, Alex, 2013. "Small-area measures of income poverty," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 58053, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
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    Cited by:

    1. Miguel Serra & Sophia Psarra & Jamie O'Brien, 2018. "Social and Physical Characterization of Urban Contexts: Techniques and Methods for Quantification, Classification and Purposive Sampling," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 3(1), pages 58-74.
    2. Serena Pattaro & Nick Bailey & Chris Dibben, 2020. "Using Linked Longitudinal Administrative Data to Identify Social Disadvantage," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 147(3), pages 865-895, February.

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