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Bereitstellung von Regelleistung durch Elektrofahrzeuge: Modellrechnungen für Deutschland im Jahr 2035

Author

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  • Schill, Wolf-Peter
  • Niemeyer, Moritz
  • Zerrahn, Alexander
  • Diekmann, Jochen

Abstract

Sowohl beim Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien als auch im Bereich der Elektromobilität hat sich die Bundesregierung ambitionierte Ziele gesetzt. Im Kontext der Energiewende soll der Anteil fluktuierender erneuerbarer Energien an der Stromerzeugung weiter deutlich steigen. Dies erfordert tendenziell eine erhöhte Vorhaltung von Regelleistung. Gleichzeitig sinkt die Stromerzeugung aus thermischen Kraftwerken, die bisher einen großen Teil der Regelleistung vorgehalten haben. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird untersucht, welche Rolle eine angenommene Flotte von 4,4 Millionen Elektrofahrzeugen im Jahr 2035 bei der Bereitstellung von Regelleistung in Deutschland spielen könnte. Dabei werden zwei verschiedene Szenarien des Kraftwerksparks sowie unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten der Bereitstellung von Regelleistung mit und ohne Rückspeisung elektrischer Energie von den Fahrzeugbatterien in das Stromnetz untersucht. Berechnungen mit einem hierfür weiterentwickelten, quellenoffenen Simulationsmodell zeigen, dass die Elektrofahrzeugflotte einen nennenswerten Beitrag zu einer kostengünstigen Regelleistungsvorhaltung leisten kann. Dies gilt auch dann, wenn keine Rückspeisung von den Fahrzeugbatterien in das Stromnetz möglich ist. Unter Basisannahmen fallen hingegen die Arbitrageaktivitäten am Großhandelsmarkt sehr gering aus. Auch die Systemkosteneinsparungen sind im Vergleich zu einem rein kostenoptimalen Laden der Fahrzeugbatterien relativ niedrig. Unter alternativen Annahmen zur Zusammensetzung des Kraftwerksparks und zu den Batterieabnutzungskosten kann es dagegen zu nennenswerten Arbitrageaktivit{äten am Großhandelsmarkt, zu einer noch höheren Regelleistungsbereitstellung und zu wesentlich größeren Systemkosteneinsparungen kommen.

Suggested Citation

  • Schill, Wolf-Peter & Niemeyer, Moritz & Zerrahn, Alexander & Diekmann, Jochen, 2016. "Bereitstellung von Regelleistung durch Elektrofahrzeuge: Modellrechnungen für Deutschland im Jahr 2035," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 40(2), pages 73-87.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:165995
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Hanemann, Philipp & Bruckner, Thomas, 2018. "Effects of electric vehicles on the spot market price," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 255-266.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Balancing reserves; Electric vehicles; V2G; Renewables; Power system modeling; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q40 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - General
    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources

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