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The Optimal Hedge Ratio — An Analytical Decision Model Considering Periodical Accounting Constraints

Author

Listed:
  • Robin Zorzi

    (Alumnus of the Research Center Finance & Information Management, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany)

  • Bettina Friedl

    (Alumnus of the Research Center Finance & Information Management, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany)

Abstract

In practice, it is observable that firms tend to smooth periodical earnings because periodical earnings are considered by capital markets as a proxy for firms' success, and therefore, are often operationalized by the respective compensation plans for managers. Considering financial hedging strategies such as purchasing financial derivatives, income smoothing can lead to a restricted use of financial derivatives even if it decreases firm value because the periodical changes of the value of financial derivatives possibly cause undesired volatilities in periodical earnings. In this paper, a deductive multi-period analytical decision model based on the capital market theory is presented to explain the influence of income smoothing on firms' hedging strategy. Thereby, principal-agent relations between a firm's investors and managers (decision makers) are assumed. Moreover, the decision model is applied to a real data set by conducting a sensitivity analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to operationalize accounting constraints to determine how much a firm should hedge its risk exposure.

Suggested Citation

  • Robin Zorzi & Bettina Friedl, 2014. "The Optimal Hedge Ratio — An Analytical Decision Model Considering Periodical Accounting Constraints," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 17(04), pages 1-36.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:rpbfmp:v:17:y:2014:i:04:n:s0219091514500246
    DOI: 10.1142/S0219091514500246
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:dau:papers:123456789/607 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Helyette Geman, 2005. "Commodities and Commodity Derivatives. Modeling and Pricing for Agriculturals, Metals and Energy," Post-Print halshs-00144182, HAL.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Corporate risk management; financial hedging; income smoothing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G1 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G3 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance

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