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Petroleum and Hazardous Material Releases from Industrial Facilities Associated with Hurricane Katrina

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  • Nicholas Santella
  • Laura J. Steinberg
  • Hatice Sengul

Abstract

Hurricane Katrina struck an area dense with industry, causing numerous releases of petroleum and hazardous materials. This study integrates information from a number of sources to describe the frequency, causes, and effects of these releases in order to inform analysis of risk from future hurricanes. Over 200 onshore releases of hazardous chemicals, petroleum, or natural gas were reported. Storm surge was responsible for the majority of petroleum releases and failure of storage tanks was the most common mechanism of release. Of the smaller number of hazardous chemical releases reported, many were associated with flaring from plant startup, shutdown, or process upset. In areas impacted by storm surge, 10% of the facilities within the Risk Management Plan (RMP) and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) databases and 28% of SIC 1311 facilities experienced accidental releases. In areas subject only to hurricane strength winds, a lower fraction (1% of RMP and TRI and 10% of SIC 1311 facilities) experienced a release while 1% of all facility types reported a release in areas that experienced tropical storm strength winds. Of industrial facilities surveyed, more experienced indirect disruptions such as displacement of workers, loss of electricity and communication systems, and difficulty acquiring supplies and contractors for operations or reconstruction (55%), than experienced releases. To reduce the risk of hazardous material releases and speed the return to normal operations under these difficult conditions, greater attention should be devoted to risk‐based facility design and improved prevention and response planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicholas Santella & Laura J. Steinberg & Hatice Sengul, 2010. "Petroleum and Hazardous Material Releases from Industrial Facilities Associated with Hurricane Katrina," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(4), pages 635-649, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:30:y:2010:i:4:p:635-649
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01390.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ana Cruz & Norio Okada, 2008. "Consideration of natural hazards in the design and risk management of industrial facilities," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 44(2), pages 213-227, February.
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    1. Jasper Verschuur & Raghav Pant & Elco Koks & Jim Hall, 2022. "A systemic risk framework to improve the resilience of port and supply-chain networks to natural hazards," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 24(3), pages 489-506, September.
    2. Misuri, Alessio & Casson Moreno, Valeria & Quddus, Noor & Cozzani, Valerio, 2019. "Lessons learnt from the impact of hurricane Harvey on the chemical and process industry," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Asadabadi, Ali & Miller-Hooks, Elise, 2020. "Maritime port network resiliency and reliability through co-opetition," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    4. Tobias Sytsma, 2020. "The Impact of Hurricanes on Trade and Welfare: Evidence from US Port-level Exports," Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 625-655, October.
    5. Nicholas Santella, 2023. "Climate related trends in US hazardous material releases caused by natural hazards," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 115(1), pages 735-756, January.
    6. Chiradip Chatterjee & Pallab Mozumder, 2014. "Understanding Household Preferences for Hurricane Risk Mitigation Information: Evidence from Survey Responses," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(6), pages 984-996, June.
    7. Randrianarisoa, Laingo M. & Zhang, Anming, 2019. "Adaptation to climate change effects and competition between ports: Invest now or later?," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 279-322.
    8. Amin Kiaghadi & Adithya Govindarajan & Rose S. Sobel & Hanadi S. Rifai, 2020. "Environmental damage associated with severe hydrologic events: a LiDAR-based geospatial modeling approach," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 103(3), pages 2711-2729, September.
    9. Bernier, Carl & Gidaris, Ioannis & Balomenos, Georgios P. & Padgett, Jamie E., 2019. "Assessing the accessibility of petrochemical facilities during storm surge events," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 155-167.

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