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Predicted Infant Exposure to Tetrachloroethene in Human Breastmilk

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  • Judith S. Schreiber

Abstract

Based on a variety of maternal occupational and residential inhalation exposure scenarios, estimates of infant exposure to the dry‐cleaning solvent tetrachlorothylene (perchloroethylene, PCE) in breastmilk were made. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling indicates that infants may be exposed to elevated levels of PCE in breastmilk due to their mothers’ inhalation of PCE. The PBPK‐predicted breastmilk PCE concentrations agree very well with measured concentrations, where available. Based on this analysis, infants may be exposed to this workplace chemical via breastmilk at doses corresponding to rather high levels of risk. Predicted breastmilk doses provide the infant with little margin of exposure to doses associated with adverse health effects. In addition, the estimated increased cancer risks associated with these infant exposures are large under certain exposure scenarios. The actual concentrations of PCE in breastmilk of exposed mothers can only be known with certainty if monitoring is conducted. Due to the widespread exposure potential, monitoring studies should be undertaken so that the appropriate risk management alternatives can be better evaluated.

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  • Judith S. Schreiber, 1993. "Predicted Infant Exposure to Tetrachloroethene in Human Breastmilk," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(5), pages 515-524, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:13:y:1993:i:5:p:515-524
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb00010.x
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    1. Kenneth T. Bogen & Thomas E. McKone, 1988. "Linking Indoor Air and Pharmacokinetic Models to Assess Tetrachloroethylene Risk," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(4), pages 509-520, December.
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