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The economic impacts of tourism in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa: Is poverty subsiding?

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  • Edwin Muchapondwa
  • Jesper Stage

Abstract

Tourism in southern Africa is based on the region's wildlife and nature assets and is generally environmentally sustainable, but the extent to which it contributes to other aspects of sustainable development — overall income generation or poverty eradication — is less well explored. In this paper, we use social accounting matrices to compare the economic impacts of foreign tourism in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. Overall impacts on GDP range from 6% (South Africa) to 9% (Namibia). However, South Africa's economy is more diversified than its neighbours' and more of the goods and services used by tourists and by the tourism industry are supplied domestically. Consequently, the impact per Rand spent is considerably larger for South Africa than for Botswana or Namibia. The poorer segments of the population appear to receive shares of tourism income that are smaller than their share of overall income in all three countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Edwin Muchapondwa & Jesper Stage, 2013. "The economic impacts of tourism in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa: Is poverty subsiding?," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 37(2), pages 80-89, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:37:y:2013:i:2:p:80-89
    DOI: 10.1111/1477-8947.12007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Helen Suich, 2002. "Development of preliminary tourism satellite accounts for Namibia," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 105-121.
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    3. Thurlow, James & van Seventer, Dirk Ernst, 2002. "A standard computable general equilibrium model for South Africa," TMD discussion papers 100, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    4. Daneswar Poonyth & Jonathan Barnes & Helen Suich & Mokgadi Monamati, 2002. "Satellite and resource accounting as tools for tourism planning in southern Africa," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 123-141.
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    2. Yaping Liu & Jie Yu, 2022. "Path dependence in pro-poor tourism," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 973-993, January.
    3. Xia Wang & Peiru Cai, 2022. "The relationship between tourism development and multidimensional poverty reduction: A decoupling analysis," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 2501-2518, August.
    4. Niccolò Comerio & Fausto Pacicco, 2024. "The role of tourism in reducing economic inequalities: the case of Italy," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 41(3), pages 839-880, October.

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