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Innis Lecture: Environmental crises: past, present, and future

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  • M. Scott Taylor

Abstract

Environmental crises are distinguished by rapid and largely unexpected changes in environmental quality that are difficult if not impossible to reverse. Examples would be major extinctions and significant degradations of an ecosystem. I argue there are three preconditions for crisis: failures in governance, an ecological system exhibiting a tipping point, and an economy/environment interaction with positive feedbacks. I develop a simple model to illustrate how a crisis may arise, and draw on our knowledge of past and present crises to highlight the mechanisms involved. I then speculate as to whether climate change is indeed a crisis in the making. Les crises environnementales sont caractérisées par des changements rapides et largement non‐anticipés dans la qualité de l'environnement qui sont difficiles sinon impossibles à renverser. Des exemples pourraient être des extinctions d'espèces et des dégradations significatives d'un écosystème. L'auteur suggère qu'il faut trois conditions pour qu'il y ait crise : faillites de gouvernance, un système écologique au point de bascule, et une interface environnement/économie riche de rétroactions positives. L'auteur développe un modèle simple pour illustrer comment une crise peut émerger et s'appuie sur la connaissance des crises passées et présentes pour souligner les mécanismes en jeu. On spécule en fin de texte sur la question à savoir si le changement climatique est une crise en train de prendre.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Scott Taylor, 2009. "Innis Lecture: Environmental crises: past, present, and future," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 1240-1275, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:42:y:2009:i:4:p:1240-1275
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2009.01545.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Li, Weijia & Roland, Gérard & Xie, Yang, 2020. "Erosion of state power, corruption control, and political stability," BOFIT Discussion Papers 5/2020, Bank of Finland, Institute for Economies in Transition.
    3. Uehara, Takuro, 2013. "Ecological threshold and ecological economic threshold: Implications from an ecological economic model with adaptation," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 374-384.
    4. Pietro Peretto & Simone Valente, 2015. "Growth on a finite planet: resources, technology and population in the long run," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 305-331, September.
    5. Yew-Kwang Ng, 2016. "The Importance of Global Extinction in Climate Change Policy," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 7(3), pages 315-322, September.
    6. Jarle Eid & Tuva Emilie Øyslebø, 2020. "Collective Responses to the 2018 Water Shortage in Cape Town: An Explorative Qualitative Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-16, August.
    7. Erhardt, Tobias & Weder, Rolf, 2020. "Shark hunting: On the vulnerability of resources with heterogeneous species," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    8. Combes, Jean-Louis & Delacote, Philippe & Combes Motel, Pascale & Yogo, Thierry Urbain, 2018. "Public spending, credit and natural capital: Does access to capital foster deforestation?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 306-316.
    9. Erhardt, Tobias & Weder, Rolf, 2015. "Shark Hunting: International Trade and the Imminent Extinction of Heterogeneous Species," Working papers 2015/07, Faculty of Business and Economics - University of Basel.
    10. Naso, Pedro & Lanz, Bruno & Swanson, Tim, 2020. "The return of Malthus? Resource constraints in an era of declining population growth," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    11. Yasuhiro Takarada & Weijia Dong & Takeshi Ogawa, 2011. "Shared Renewable Resource and International Trade: Technical Measures for Resource Management," ERSA conference papers ersa11p449, European Regional Science Association.
    12. Nagase, Yoko & Uehara, Takuro, 2011. "Evolution of population-resource dynamics models," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 9-17.
    13. Li, Weijia & Roland, Gérard & Xie, Yang, 2020. "Erosion of state power, corruption control, and political stability," BOFIT Discussion Papers 5/2020, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    14. repec:zbw:bofitp:2020_005 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Peretto, Pietro F., 2021. "Through scarcity to prosperity: Toward a theory of sustainable growth," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 243-257.

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